# syncCache

key: YQ7E24W3
data:
  {"key":"YQ7E24W3","version":477,"data":{"key":"YQ7E24W3","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental and modeling study on auto-ignition characteristics of methane / hydrogen blends under engine relevant pressure","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yingjia","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xue","lastName":"Jiang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Liangjie","lastName":"Wei"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jiaxiang","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chenglong","lastName":"Tang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zuohua","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"37","issue":"24","pages":"19168–19176","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.056","ISSN":"0360-3199","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.056","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z"}}


key: 5LEHE9XP
data:
  {"key":"5LEHE9XP","version":477,"data":{"key":"5LEHE9XP","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Modeling droplet vaporization and combustion with the volume of fluid method at a small Reynolds number","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiao-bin","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wei","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xue-jun","lastName":"Zhang"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A","volume":"13","issue":"5","pages":"361–374","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1631/jzus.A1100338","ISSN":"1673-565X","shortTitle":"","url":"http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1631/jzus.A1100338","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"10"},{"tag":"1631"},{"tag":"a1100338"},{"tag":"combustion process"},{"tag":"doi"},{"tag":"droplet"},{"tag":"jzus"},{"tag":"numerical simulation"},{"tag":"vaporization"},{"tag":"vof"},{"tag":"volume of fluid"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z"}}


key: JRQXJQAS
data:
  {"key":"JRQXJQAS","version":477,"data":{"key":"JRQXJQAS","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Sensitivity of dual fuel engine combustion and knocking limits to gaseous fuel composition","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mohamed Y E","lastName":"Selim"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"45","issue":"","pages":"411–425","date":"2004","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00150-X","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"cng"},{"tag":"combustion noise"},{"tag":"dual fuel engine"},{"tag":"ignition limits"},{"tag":"knocking"},{"tag":"lpg"},{"tag":"methane"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z"}}


key: TTW3WBGH
data:
  {"key":"TTW3WBGH","version":477,"data":{"key":"TTW3WBGH","version":477,"itemType":"book","title":"Assessment of turbulence-chemistry interaction models in MILD combustion regime","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ashoke","lastName":"De"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Akshay","lastName":"Dongre"}],"abstractNote":"The present paper reports on the assessment of different turbulence-chemistry interaction closures for modeling turbulent combustion in the Moderate and Intense Low oxygen Dilution (MILD) combustion regime. 2D RANS simulations have been carried out to model flames issuing from two burners i.e. Delft-Jet-in-Hot-Coflow (DJHC) burner and Adelaide JHC burner which imitate the MILD combustion. In order to model these flames, two different approaches of turbulence-chemistry interaction models, i.e. Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC) and PDF based models, are considered; while in the PDF based modeling, two different variants are invoked to understand the applicability of the PDF based models in the MILD regime: one is based on presumed shape PDF (i.e. steady flamelet (SF) model) approach and the other one is transported PDF approach. For transported PDF method, two different solution approaches namely, Lagrangian solution method (LPDF) and Multi-Environment Eulerian PDF (MEPDF) model are considered. A comprehensive study has been carried out by comparing the results obtained from these different models. For the DJHC burner, the computations are carried out for a jet speed corresponding to Reynolds numbers of Re = 4100, whereas the Adelaide JHC burner computations are performed for a jet speed corresponding to Reynolds number of Re = 10000. The effects of molecular diffusion on the flame characteristics are also studied by using different micro-mixing models. In the case of DJHC burner, it has been observed that the mean axial velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy profiles are in good agreement with the measurements. However, the temperature profiles are over-predicted in the downstream region by both EDC and the PDF based models. In the context of Adelaide JHC burner, the profiles of the temperature and the mass fraction of major species (CH4, H2, O2, H2O, CO2) obtained using LPDF approach are in better agreement with the measurements compared to those obtained using EDC model; although, both the solution approaches fail to capture CO and OH radical profiles.","series":"","seriesNumber":"2","volume":"94","numberOfVolumes":"","edition":"","place":"","publisher":"","date":"2015","numPages":"439–478","language":"","ISBN":"1049401495878","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISSN: 15731987\nPublication Title: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion\nDOI: 10.1007/s10494-014-9587-8","tags":[{"tag":"Combustion modeling"},{"tag":"MILD combustion"},{"tag":"PDF transport modeling"},{"tag":"Turbulence-chemistry interaction"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:31Z"}}


key: NETY9YZF
data:
  {"key":"NETY9YZF","version":477,"data":{"key":"NETY9YZF","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Scaling fuel sprays for different size diesel engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xinyi","lastName":"Zhou"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tie","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zheyuan","lastName":"Lai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bin","lastName":"Wang"}],"abstractNote":"Diesel engines are widely used not only for heavy-duty vehicles such as ships and trucks but also for light-duty passenger cars, with a wide range of bore diameters. Since development of a new diesel engine is usually expensive and time consuming, the ability to accurately predict engine performance from existing models can reduce the resources and time required in the engine development procedure. However, so far knowledge on scaling diesel engines is far from adequacy, particularly for spray combustion processes. In this paper, two injectors with nozzle hole diameters of 0.11 mm and 0.14 mm are adopted for scaling fuel sprays under the non-evaporating conditions based on the three similarity rules. Firstly, the existence of similarity is theoretically analyzed in diesel fuel sprays of both free injection and impinging upon a wall. Then, the similarity of diesel injection rate is experimentally verified by using the Bosch long tube method. Finally, the similarity of spray angle, tip penetration length, excess air ratio and impinging spray characteristics are investigated under various injection pressures and ambient densities in an optically accessible constant volume vessel by the high-speed shadowgraphy. The theoretical analysis and experimental results reveal that the similarity rule keeping the injection pressure constant is more preferable for scaling the spray angle, tip penetration length and excess air ratio, while the other two similarity rules with reduced injection pressure result in narrowed spray angle and increased spray tip penetration length. With respect to the post-impingement behavior, although the spray from the large-hole nozzle impinges upon the wall later than those of the small-hole nozzles with the speed rule and the lift-off rule, the rebound height of the large-hole nozzle is higher than those by the small holes with the speed and the lift-off rule. The mechanism of the above phenomena is discussed in depth.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"225","issue":"February","pages":"358–369","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.167","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.167","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel engines"},{"tag":"Impinging spray"},{"tag":"Injection rate"},{"tag":"Similarity theory"},{"tag":"Spray mixture formation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: Z3NBCB3T
data:
  {"key":"Z3NBCB3T","version":477,"data":{"key":"Z3NBCB3T","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of heat transfer on the reduction of the detailed chemical kinetics mechanism in a homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Keyvan","lastName":"Bahlouli"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R Khoshbakhti","lastName":"Saray"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ugur","lastName":"Atikol"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"229","issue":"14","pages":"1969–1980","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1177/0954407015575236","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"28 january 2015"},{"tag":"31 october 2014"},{"tag":"accepted"},{"tag":"adiabatic conditions"},{"tag":"combustion"},{"tag":"date received"},{"tag":"heat transfer"},{"tag":"homogeneous charge compression ignition"},{"tag":"reduced mechanism"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: PCVIHTDS
data:
  {"key":"PCVIHTDS","version":477,"data":{"key":"PCVIHTDS","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Arterial wall elasticity: State of the art and future prospects","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.","lastName":"Messas"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Pernot"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Couade"}],"abstractNote":"Peripheral vascular disease is a frequently occurring disease and is most often caused by atherosclerosis and more rarely by anomalies of the collagen or other components of the arterial wall. Arterial stiffness problems form one of the precursor phenomena of peripheral vascular disease, and in the case of atherosclerosis represents an independent risk marker for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. The first techniques, developed to evaluate arterial stiffness, use indirect measurements such as pulse wave velocity or the analysis of variations in pressure and volume to estimate arterial wall stiffness. Techniques based on the pulse wave lack precision because they assume that arterial stiffness is uniform throughout the path of the pulse wave, and that it is constant throughout the cardiac cycle. Moreover, measuring the velocity of the pulse wave may be less precise in certain pathological situations: metabolic syndrome, obesity, large chest, mega-dolico artery. Techniques based on the analysis of variations in pressure and in volume do not accurately measure blood pressure, which can only be taken externally. In addition, these techniques require dedicated equipment, which is not reimbursed by the French health care system, and which is cumbersome to use (especially for techniques based on variation in pressure) in clinical practice. This explains why these two techniques are not used in clinical practice. Ultrafast echography is a new ultrasound imaging method that can record up to 10,000 images per second. This high temporal resolution makes it possible tomeasure the velocity of the local pulse wave and arterial wall stiffness thanks to the remote palpation carried out by shear wave. The ease of use and the accuracy of these two techniques suggest that these diagnostic applications will play a significant role in vascular pathology in the future. It is possible in real time, using a traditional vascular ultrasound probe, to make an accurate assessment of local arterial stiffness and of its variation during the cardiac cycle. This technological breakthrough will probably improve phenotype evaluation of patients suffering from vascular diseases, to more effectively evaluate the cardiovascular risk for patients, at primary and secondary prevention level, and to carry out broad epidemiological studies on cardiovascular risks. ?? 2013 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of the ??ditions fran??aises de radiologie.","publicationTitle":"Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging","volume":"94","issue":"5","pages":"561–569","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.diii.2013.01.025","ISSN":"22115706","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2013.01.025","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 2211-5684\nPublisher: Elsevier Masson SAS\nPMID: 23619291","tags":[{"tag":"Arterial stiffness"},{"tag":"Pulse wave"},{"tag":"Shear wave"},{"tag":"Ultrafast echo-elastography"},{"tag":"Ultrafast echography"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: U5KHPGH6
data:
  {"key":"U5KHPGH6","version":477,"data":{"key":"U5KHPGH6","version":477,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"The behaviour of laminar stratified methane / air flames in counterflow","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ruigang","lastName":"Zhou"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Simone","lastName":"Hochgreb"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"160","issue":"6","pages":"1070–1082","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.01.023","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.01.023","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"air flames"},{"tag":"counterflow simulation"},{"tag":"strained laminar methane"},{"tag":"stratified combustion"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: EYWRSLDS
data:
  {"key":"EYWRSLDS","version":476,"data":{"key":"EYWRSLDS","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Models for Combustion and Formation of Nitric Oxide and Soot in Direct Injection Diesel Engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H","lastName":"Hiroyasu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Kadota"}],"abstractNote":"A mathematical model was developed for predicting the concentration of exhaust nitric oxide, soot and other emissions in a direct injection diesel engine. In the model, it was emphasized to describe the phenomena occurring in the combustion chamber from the microscopic point of view. The prediction was based on the knowledges concerning a single droplet as well as the droplet size distribution in a fuel spray and the spatial and temporal distribution histories of fuel in a combustion chamber. The heterogeneous field of temperature and equivalence ratio, and uniform pressure in the cylinder were postulated. The heat release model gives the burning rate of injected fuel and pressure and temperature history in the cylinder. The concentration of nitric oxide and soot in the cylinder was predicted by the emission formation model. In order to confirm the validity of the theoretical analysis, the calculated results were compared with the experimental results for typical direct injection diesel engine.","publicationTitle":"SAE International","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"513–526","date":"1976","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/760129","ISSN":"0148-7191","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"PMID: 760129","tags":[{"tag":"2015"},{"tag":"by universiti teknologi malaysia"},{"tag":"june 15"},{"tag":"monday"},{"tag":"nloaded from sae international"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: 8HEQPAHI
data:
  {"key":"8HEQPAHI","version":476,"data":{"key":"8HEQPAHI","version":476,"itemType":"document","title":"Internal combustion engine fundamentals","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"JB","lastName":"Heywood"}],"abstractNote":"","publisher":"","date":"1988","language":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1259002071\nPages: 930\nPublication Title: US Patent 6,990,956","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: RL7L64DU
data:
  {"key":"RL7L64DU","version":476,"data":{"key":"RL7L64DU","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Evaporation of a droplet","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Holger","lastName":"Grosshans"}],"abstractNote":"In this work the governing equations for a single, spherical water droplet evaporating in quiescent air are derived. The governing equations are solved numerically for different exemplary conditions. By that the sensitivity of the droplet evaporation rate on ambient conditions such as air temperature can be analysed. The obtained results are compared to results from literature. In the second part of this paper a case of an evaporating liquid spray is simulated by applying an existing CFD code. The used equations and methods are presented. The results of the spray simulations are shown.","publicationTitle":"2012 MVK 160 Heat and Mass Transport","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: R6PNIWLP
data:
  {"key":"R6PNIWLP","version":476,"data":{"key":"R6PNIWLP","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Study of the low-temperature reactivity of large n -alkanes through cool diffusion flame extinction","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Christopher B","lastName":"Reuter"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Minhyeok","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sang","lastName":"Hee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yiguang","lastName":"Ju"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"179","issue":"","pages":"23–32","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.01.028","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.01.028","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Cool flame"},{"tag":"Counterflow diffusion flame"},{"tag":"Ex"},{"tag":"n-alkane"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: 5GDCT3PV
data:
  {"key":"5GDCT3PV","version":476,"data":{"key":"5GDCT3PV","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Comparison and Sensitivity Analysis of Turbulent Flame Speed Closures in the RANS G-Equation Context for Two Distinct Engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yuri M","lastName":"Wright"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Konstantinos","lastName":"Boulouchos"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Michele","lastName":"Schiliro"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2016-01-2236","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: NIMCS46U
data:
  {"key":"NIMCS46U","version":476,"data":{"key":"NIMCS46U","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical study on fuel physical effects on the split injection processes on a common rail injection system","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dong","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ke","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yaozong","lastName":"Duan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"He","lastName":"Lin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhen","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"As biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, the changed fuel physical properties are found to have influences on the injection characteristics. In this study, a one-dimensional hydraulic model was established to identify the isolated effect of fuel density, viscosity and bulk modulus of compressibility, on the injection mass and pressure propagation waves of a split injection strategy on a common rail injection system. The numerical simulation results indicated that fuel density and bulk modulus of compressibility have more prominent influences on the fuel injection mass and pressure fluctuation characteristics at the injector inlet during the main injection event, while fuel viscosity effects are modest. In addition, injection dwell time between the pilot and main injection is also a crucial parameter affecting the injection characteristics of the main injection event, because the lengths of the injection dwell time influence the initial pressures at the start of the main injection stage and the mean pressures of the main injection stage. The change in these pressures finally affects the injection mass in the main injection event. Therefore, specific effects of fuel physical properties on the main injection process are subject to the injection dwell time, i.e. the specific split injection strategy.","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"134","issue":"","pages":"47–58","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.026","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Bulk modulus of compressibility"},{"tag":"Common rail"},{"tag":"Density"},{"tag":"Fuel"},{"tag":"Split injection"},{"tag":"Viscosity"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:30Z"}}


key: 7H93B5VH
data:
  {"key":"7H93B5VH","version":476,"data":{"key":"7H93B5VH","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Grid-Convergent Spray Models for Internal Combustion Engine Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P. K.","lastName":"Senecal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.","lastName":"Pomraning"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K. J.","lastName":"Richards"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Som"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology","volume":"136","issue":"1","pages":"012204","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1115/1.4024861","ISSN":"0195-0738","shortTitle":"","url":"http://energyresources.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?doi=10.1115/1.4024861","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 978-0-7918-5509-6","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: YQNU88MB
data:
  {"key":"YQNU88MB","version":476,"data":{"key":"YQNU88MB","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Charge stratification to control HCCI: Experiments and CFD modeling with n-heptane as fuel","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhaolei","lastName":"Zheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mingfa","lastName":"Yao"}],"abstractNote":"An optimized reduced mechanism of n-heptane including 42 species and 58 elementary reactions adapted to charge stratification combustion is developed first in this study. Some engine experiments and a fully coupled CFD and reduced chemical kinetics model with n-heptane as fuel are adopted to investigate the combustion processes of HCCI-like charge stratification combustion aimed at diesel HCCI application. For premixed/direct-injected stratification combustion, the low temperature reaction occurs in the regions with homogeneous fuel first and high temperature reaction begins from high fuel concentration regions involved in the spray process. With the increase of the injection ratio, the high temperature reaction occurs in advance, the pressure rise rate reduces, UHC emissions decrease and CO emissions increase. At larger injection ratio, the onset of the high temperature reaction advances and the maximum pressure rise rate decreases with the retarding of injection timing. UHC and CO emissions have relation to the fuel spray penetration at different injection timings. NOx emissions increase rapidly with the increase of the stratification degree. Crown Copyright ?? 2008.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"88","issue":"2","pages":"354–365","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.002","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.002","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Charge stratification combustion"},{"tag":"Chemical kinetics"},{"tag":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)"},{"tag":"Multi-dimensional computational fluid mechanics (C"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: CVQ2DDB3
data:
  {"key":"CVQ2DDB3","version":476,"data":{"key":"CVQ2DDB3","version":476,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Probability Density Function Modeling of Turbulence/Chemistry Interactions in Methane Flame Enrichment by Hydrogen","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","name":"Fethi Bouras"},{"creatorType":"author","name":"Fouad Khaldi"}],"abstractNote":"Abstract: The present investigation illustrates a computational study of the turbulent diffusion flame in a cylindrical burner that is confined by two coaxial jets (methane/hydrogen and air). This is to improve the reactive mixture, the reactants combustion and to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide as pollutant chemical species. The coupled models LES/PDF are, hereby, used to surmount the turbulence/chemistry interaction in the transport equations of chemical species. The predicted mixture fraction, the progress variable, and the carbon monoxide mass fraction are selected to validate the coupled models with respect to the experimental references data. Furthermore, the same scalar parameters which are considered in the previous numerical validation are evaluated from different fuel compositions of the hydrogen and the methane percentage to supply the combustion chamber. The computed results are carried out by FLUENT-CFD; where, they prove that hydrogen addition reduces the carbon monoxide concentration in the combustion products and improves the reactants combustion caused by the rich mixture.","publicationTitle":"Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering","volume":"52","issue":"6","pages":"1019–1028","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1134/S0040579518060040","ISSN":"00405795","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"computational fluid dynamics (CFD)"},{"tag":"diffusion flame"},{"tag":"hydrogen fuel"},{"tag":"large eddy simulation (LES)"},{"tag":"non-premixed combustion"},{"tag":"probability density function (PDF)"},{"tag":"turbulence"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: 6VG4ZPJ4
data:
  {"key":"6VG4ZPJ4","version":475,"data":{"key":"6VG4ZPJ4","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Coupling of the model reduction technique with the lattice Boltzmann method for combustion simulations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.","lastName":"Chiavazzo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Iliya V.","lastName":"Karlin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Alexander N.","lastName":"Gorban"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Konstantinos","lastName":"Boulouchos"}],"abstractNote":"A new framework of simulation of reactive flows is proposed based on a coupling between accurate reduced reaction mechanism and the lattice Boltzmann representation of the flow phenomena. The model reduction is developed in the setting of slow invariant manifold construction, and the simplest lattice Boltzmann equation is used in order to work out the procedure of coupling of the reduced model with the flow solver. Practical details of constructing slow invariant manifolds of a reaction system under various thermodynamic conditions are reported. The proposed method is validated with the two-dimensional simulation of a premixed counterflow flame in the hydrogen-air mixture. © 2010 The Combustion Institute.","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"157","issue":"10","pages":"1833–1849","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.06.009","ISSN":"00102180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.06.009","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0010-2180\nPublisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"Combustion"},{"tag":"Invariant manifold"},{"tag":"Lattice Boltzmann method"},{"tag":"Model reduction"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: L2FCTEEX
data:
  {"key":"L2FCTEEX","version":475,"data":{"key":"L2FCTEEX","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"LABORATORY STUDIES OF WATER DROPLET EVAPORATION KINETICS","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Alfred M","lastName":"Moyle"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Paul M","lastName":"Smidansky"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dennis","lastName":"Lamb"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: LVN5Q6NW
data:
  {"key":"LVN5Q6NW","version":475,"data":{"key":"LVN5Q6NW","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Laminar flame speeds of lean high-hydrogen syngas at normal and elevated pressures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Weikuo","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiaolong","lastName":"Gou"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wenjun","lastName":"Kong"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zheng","lastName":"Chen"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"181","issue":"","pages":"958–963","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.013","ISSN":"0016-2361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.013","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: M2A68CY6
data:
  {"key":"M2A68CY6","version":475,"data":{"key":"M2A68CY6","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development of advanced technology for biomass combustion - CFD as an essential tool","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T. F.","lastName":"Dixon"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A. P.","lastName":"Mann"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F.","lastName":"Plaza"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"W. N.","lastName":"Gilfillan"}],"abstractNote":"Major advances have been made in the development of bagasse combustion technologies and understanding the many processes involved in bagasse combustion and steam generation. CFD modeling has come to form an integral and critical part of this progression. The experience with CFD in the sugar industry through Sugar Research Institute has encompassed the full range of applications from fundamental code development, through the generation and commercialization of new ideas and technologies, to the resolution of practical plant problems. The paper summarises the numerous applications where SRI has achieved successful results utilizing CFD. It is demonstrated that the full benefits of CFD in the delivery of commercial outcomes, for new technologies and the solution of operating plant problems, are achieved through the close interaction between the code development and validation via full scale plant simulation. This two-way interaction enhances the code fundamentals by focusing on practical issues and similarly increases the confidence in the capabilities and accuracy of the CFD predictions, to an extent that justifies firm engineering decisions on commercial plant based solely on the characteristics predicted by the code. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"84","issue":"10","pages":"1303–1311","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2004.09.024","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Bagasse"},{"tag":"Biomass combustion"},{"tag":"CFD"},{"tag":"Steam generation technology"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: MN45ZPH4
data:
  {"key":"MN45ZPH4","version":475,"data":{"key":"MN45ZPH4","version":475,"itemType":"conferencePaper","title":"The Condensation within a CAC - Thermodynamics Analysis","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ying","lastName":"Tang"}],"abstractNote":"","date":"2011","proceedingsTitle":"","conferenceName":"","place":"Detroit","publisher":"SAE International Congress","volume":"1","pages":"","series":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2011-01-1168","ISBN":"0148-7191","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: ELR7GG4L
data:
  {"key":"ELR7GG4L","version":475,"data":{"key":"ELR7GG4L","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Evaluation of a Hybrid Chemistry Approach for Combustion of Blended Petroleum and Bio-derived Jet Fuels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R","lastName":"Xu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Parise"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J K","lastName":"Shao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D F","lastName":"Davidson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R K","lastName":"Hanson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C T","lastName":"Bowman"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"hychem"},{"tag":"jet fuel chemistry"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: E258AVAM
data:
  {"key":"E258AVAM","version":475,"data":{"key":"E258AVAM","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Investigations of drop impact on dry walls with a lattice-Boltzmann model","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Shiladitya","lastName":"Mukherjee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"John","lastName":"Abraham"}],"abstractNote":"In this work, axisymmetric computations of drop impingement on dry walls are presented. The two-phase model employed is an axisymmetric lattice-Boltzmann model. Computations are performed in the parametric range of Weber number We of 7 to 8770, Ohnesorge number Oh of 0.02 to 0.137, and drop-wall equilibrium contact angle ??eq of 35?? to 150??. Deposition and rebound outcomes are reported. In deposition, the different stages of drop evolution including spread, recoil and equilibration are reproduced and studied. Comparisons made with experimentally reported data of temporal evolution of the spread factor and the dynamic evolution of the contact angle show good agreement. Rebound is observed on non-wetting surfaces. The transition between deposition and rebound is shown to be influenced by the impact We, Oh, and advancing and receding static contact angles. Apart from impingement outcomes, the influence of We and Oh on the dynamic contact angle is investigated. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","volume":"312","issue":"2","pages":"341–354","date":"2007","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.jcis.2007.03.004","ISSN":"00219797","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0021-9797\nPMID: 17418858","tags":[{"tag":"Drop impact"},{"tag":"Drop recoil"},{"tag":"Drop spread"},{"tag":"Dynamic contact angle"},{"tag":"Lattice-Boltzmann method"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: U96PZRRB
data:
  {"key":"U96PZRRB","version":475,"data":{"key":"U96PZRRB","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A G-equation formulation for large-eddy simulation of premixed turbulent combustion","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"By H","lastName":"Pitsch"}],"abstractNote":"A G-equation formulation for large-eddy simulation of premixed turbulent combustion","publicationTitle":"Center for Turbulence Research Annual Research Briefs","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"4–7","date":"2002","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:29Z"}}


key: P8RTINXV
data:
  {"key":"P8RTINXV","version":475,"data":{"key":"P8RTINXV","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Mechanical Properties of Arteries in Vivo","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L. H.","lastName":"Peterson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. E.","lastName":"Jensen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J.","lastName":"Parnell"}],"abstractNote":"Methods have been assembled permitting the simultaneous recording of intra-arterial pressure and arterial diameter with sufficient accuracy so that the mechanical properties of arteries in vivo, under physiologic conditions, can be derived. The analysis necessitates finding the relationships between 5 simultaneous variables; hence the data were recorded on magnetic tape and processed by analog and digital computer technics. Analysis of the data established the fact that the mechanical properties of arteries can be described by a linear, first-order differential equation whose coefficients can be defined as the moduli of elasticity and viscosity. Furthermore, the magnitudes of the coefficients were evaluated. The strain which the arteries undergo as a result of arterial pulse pressure variations is normally between 0.01 and 0.04, i.e., between 1 and 4 per cent change in circumference. The total strain associated with marked constriction and dilation does not usually exceed 10 per cent. Therefore, it is established that the circumferential motion of arteries may be characterized as small strain. The fact that the strain is effectively small is confirmed by analytical consideration, i.e., stress-strain relationships can be linearized under physiologic conditions without introducing significant error. The mass of the artery wall does not play a significant role in determining the mechanical behavior of the arteries and can therefore be neglected in any such considerations. The harmonic content, i.e., the frequency spectrum, comprising the pressure and diameter pulsations associated with the cardiac cycle have been evaluated by Fourier analysis. The magnitudes of the coefficients relating pressure and strain are: elastic (Ep) varies from 1,000 to 6,000 Gm./cm.2 (with the exception of a value of 500 in the thoracic aorta of a 12-week-old puppy), viscous (Rp) from 10 to 150, and mass (Mp) from 0.0002 to 0.005. The magnitudes of the coefficients vary from individual to individual, from one site to another within the vascular tree and temporally in response to vasoactive factors. The effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine and autonomic nerve stimulation on the mechanical properties and behavior of arteries are discussed. The differences between the pressure-strain relationships and the wall tension-strain relationships are discussed, since the mechanical properties of the wall material itself is not given directly by the pressure-strain relationships, i.e., radius and wall thickness must be considered. An analytical discussion is developed and mathematical equations are derived which relate pressure, wall tension, radius, strain, elasticity, viscosity and inertia in a tube which has been shown to be a reliable model of the living artery. It is concluded that the concept that the arteries function as a \"peripheral heart,\" i.e., rhythmically contract in synchrony with the heart, is not justified. Probable relationships of these properties to the structure and functions of the arterial system are discussed.","publicationTitle":"Circulation Research","volume":"8","issue":"3","pages":"622–639","date":"1960","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1161/01.RES.8.3.622","ISSN":"0009-7330","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 9788578110796\n_eprint: arXiv:1011.1669v3\nPMID: 1889","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: X7W26PNH
data:
  {"key":"X7W26PNH","version":475,"data":{"key":"X7W26PNH","version":475,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Grid-Convergent Spray Models for Internal Combustion Engine Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P. K.","lastName":"Senecal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.","lastName":"Pomraning"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K. J.","lastName":"Richards"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Som"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology","volume":"136","issue":"1","pages":"012204","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1115/1.4024861","ISSN":"0195-0738","shortTitle":"","url":"http://energyresources.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?doi=10.1115/1.4024861","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 978-0-7918-5509-6","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: TZD4FDSZ
data:
  {"key":"TZD4FDSZ","version":474,"data":{"key":"TZD4FDSZ","version":474,"itemType":"document","title":"An ignition delay and kinetic modeling study of methane, dimethyl ether, and their mixtures at high pressures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"U.","lastName":"Burke"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K.P.","lastName":"Somers"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P.","lastName":"O'Toole"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C.M.","lastName":"Zinner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N.","lastName":"Marquet"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G.","lastName":"Bourque"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.L.","lastName":"Petersen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"W.K.","lastName":"Metcalfe"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Z.","lastName":"Serinyel"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.J.","lastName":"Curran"}],"abstractNote":"© 2014 The Combustion Institute. The development of accurate chemical kinetic models capable of predicting the combustion of methane and dimethyl ether in common combustion environments such as compression ignition engines and gas turbines is important as it provides valuable data and understanding of these fuels under conditions that are difficult and expensive to study in the real combustors. In this work, both experimental and chemical kinetic model-predicted ignition delay time data are provided covering a range of conditions relevant to gas turbine environments (T=600-1600K, p=7-41atm, ϕ=0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 in 'air' mixtures). The detailed chemical kinetic model (Mech_56.54) is capable of accurately predicting this wide range of data, and it is the first mechanism to incorporate high-level rate constant measurements and calculations where available for the reactions of DME. This mechanism is also the first to apply a pressure-dependent treatment to the low-temperature reactions of DME. It has been validated using available literature data including flow reactor, jet-stirred reactor, shock-tube ignition delay times, shock-tube speciation, flame speed, and flame speciation data. New ignition delay time measurements are presented for methane, dimethyl ether, and their mixtures; these data were obtained using three different shock tubes and a rapid compression machine. In addition to the DME/CH4 blends, high-pressure data for pure DME and pure methane were also obtained. Where possible, the new data were compared with existing data from the literature, with good agreement.","publisher":"","date":"2015","language":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISSN: 15562921 00102180\nIssue: 2\nPages: 315–330\nPublication Title: Combustion and Flame\nVolume: 162\nDOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2014.08.014","tags":[{"tag":"Dimethyl ether"},{"tag":"High pressure"},{"tag":"Ignition delay times"},{"tag":"Methane"},{"tag":"Rapid compression machine"},{"tag":"Shock tube"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: 52W54HJ9
data:
  {"key":"52W54HJ9","version":474,"data":{"key":"52W54HJ9","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A vaporization model for discrete multi-component fuel sprays","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Youngchul","lastName":"Ra"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rolf D.","lastName":"Reitz"}],"abstractNote":"A vaporization model for multi-component fuel sprays is described. The discrete multi-component (DMC) fuel approach was used to model the properties and composition of gasoline and diesel model fuels. Unsteady vaporization of single and multi-component fuel droplets and sprays was considered for both normal and flash-boiling evaporation conditions. An unsteady internal heat flux model and a model for the determination of the droplet surface temperature were formulated. An approximate solution to the quasi-steady energy equation was used to derive an explicit expression for the heat flux from the surrounding gas to the droplet-gas interface, with inter-diffusion of fuel vapor and the surrounding gas taken into account. The density change of the drop as a function of temperature was also considered. In order to treat phase change under trans-critical conditions, a characteristic length was defined to determine the amount of vaporized fuel as a function of time. The present vaporization models were implemented into a multi-dimensional CFD code and applied to calculate evaporation processes of single and multi-component fuel droplets and sprays for various ambient temperatures and droplet temperatures. Differences between representing model fuels using the single and multi-component fuel descriptions are discussed. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"35","issue":"2","pages":"101–117","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2008.10.006","ISSN":"03019322","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2008.10.006","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0301-9322\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: PAXEUS7K
data:
  {"key":"PAXEUS7K","version":474,"data":{"key":"PAXEUS7K","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Explosion behaviors of mixtures of methane and air with saturated water vapor","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiaobo","lastName":"Shen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bo","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiaoliang","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sizhe","lastName":"Wu"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"FUEL","volume":"177","issue":"","pages":"15–18","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2016.02.095","ISSN":"0016-2361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.02.095","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: E5V55MIE
data:
  {"key":"E5V55MIE","version":474,"data":{"key":"E5V55MIE","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"The Effects of Reactant Dilution on Lengths of Laminar Gas Jet Diffusion Flames","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Z","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P B","lastName":"Sunderland"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R L","lastName":"Axelbaum"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"inverse diffusion flames"},{"tag":"rope model"},{"tag":"stoichiometric flame length"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: PYM2LWH8
data:
  {"key":"PYM2LWH8","version":474,"data":{"key":"PYM2LWH8","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental study and modeling of shock tube ignition delay times for hydrogen – oxygen – argon mixtures at low temperatures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G A","lastName":"Pang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D F","lastName":"Davidson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R K","lastName":"Hanson"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","volume":"32","issue":"1","pages":"181–188","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.014","ISSN":"1540-7489","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.014","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute","tags":[{"tag":"hydrogen"},{"tag":"ignition delay time"},{"tag":"oxygen"},{"tag":"shock tube"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: 3IEWIDN6
data:
  {"key":"3IEWIDN6","version":474,"data":{"key":"3IEWIDN6","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Reaction Mechanisms of R and QOOH Radicals Produced in Low-Temperature Oxidation of Butanone","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Brandon","lastName":"Rotavera"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ewa","lastName":"Papajak"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ivan O","lastName":"Antonov"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Krupa","lastName":"Ramasesha"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"David L","lastName":"Osborn"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Craig A","lastName":"Taatjes"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"6–11","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"autoignition"},{"tag":"biofuel"},{"tag":"resonance-stabilized radicals"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: 32LBWSJU
data:
  {"key":"32LBWSJU","version":474,"data":{"key":"32LBWSJU","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Investigation of the ignition and combustion processes of a dual-fuel spray under diesel-like conditions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J. J.","lastName":"López"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R.","lastName":"Novella"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"García"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J. F.","lastName":"Winklinger"}],"abstractNote":"Recent research activities in the field of diesel engines have shown the potential to reduce pollutant emissions and improve the thermal efficiency by controlling the fuel reactivity. However, understanding the impact of blending fuels with different physical and especially chemical properties on diesel-like spray mixing and combustion processes is still a challenge. Since the experimental techniques are still far from providing detailed temporal and spatial information about local spray conditions, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling tools have become the key source of information for investigating the characteristics of these dual-fuel sprays. In this frame, the present research focuses on modeling a dual-fuel spray in diesel-like conditions, comparing different gasoline and diesel blends in terms of ignition characteristics and flame structure. The results confirm the suitability of the state of the art computational CFD modeling tools for reproducing the complex phenomena associated to dual-fuel sprays. Moreover, the important benefits provided by dual-fuel blends, considering the expected reduction in pollutant emissions as a consequence of the differences observed in terms of flame structure, are confirmed. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.","publicationTitle":"Mathematical and Computer Modelling","volume":"57","issue":"7-8","pages":"1897–1906","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.mcm.2011.12.030","ISSN":"08957177","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2011.12.030","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0895-7177\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling"},{"tag":"Diesel combustion"},{"tag":"Dual fuel"},{"tag":"Mixing controlled combustion"},{"tag":"Spray ignition"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:28Z"}}


key: XUQEQ2C8
data:
  {"key":"XUQEQ2C8","version":474,"data":{"key":"XUQEQ2C8","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Laminar flame speeds of stratified methane , propane , and n -heptane flames","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xian","lastName":"Shi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jyh-yuan","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yulin","lastName":"Chen"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"176","issue":"","pages":"38–47","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.10.018","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Chemical effe"},{"tag":"Laminar flame speed"},{"tag":"Stratified flame"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: EGKH96KA
data:
  {"key":"EGKH96KA","version":474,"data":{"key":"EGKH96KA","version":474,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Modelling of Turbulent Stratified Flames","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"O R","lastName":"Darbyshire"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"November","pages":"","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: 4Y2EKQIM
data:
  {"key":"4Y2EKQIM","version":473,"data":{"key":"4Y2EKQIM","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Simulation of Fluid-Structural Interaction Using Openfoam","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hua-dong","lastName":"Yao"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–37","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: NF44WZYP
data:
  {"key":"NF44WZYP","version":473,"data":{"key":"NF44WZYP","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Comparison of measured and modelled droplet-hot wall interactions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D.","lastName":"Chatzikyriakou"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S. P.","lastName":"Walker"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G. F.","lastName":"Hewitt"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C.","lastName":"Narayanan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D.","lastName":"Lakehal"}],"abstractNote":"In this study CFD simulations of both sessile droplets resting upon a vapour cushion and droplets bouncing off a hot solid surface are presented. As a droplet approaches a hot surface the vapour layer formed by evaporation from the droplet acts like a cushion and can prevent contact between the liquid and the hot surface. Rather than hitting and wetting the surface, the droplet can rebound from the vapour film. For the tracking of the interface between the two fluids a one-fluid Level Set method is used, embodied in the TransAT?? finite-volume two-phase flow computational code. Inter alia, this incorporates a full Navier-Stokes solution in the region of the thin film. The method is used to analyse the experiments conducted by Wachters et al. [L.H.J. Wachters, H. Bonne, H.J. Van Nouhuis, The heat transfer from a horizontal plate to sessile water drops in the spheroidal state, Chemical Engineering Science 21 (1966) 923-936] and Biance et al. [A.-L. Biance, F. Checy, C. Clanet, G. Lagubeau, D. Quere, On the elasticity of an inertial liquid shock, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 554 (2006) 47-66]. Good agreement with the experimental observations is obtained. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"29","issue":"7","pages":"1398–1405","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.02.012","ISSN":"13594311","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.02.012","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1359-4311\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Droplet"},{"tag":"Leidenfrost"},{"tag":"Level Set"},{"tag":"Vapour layer"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: 5ILTUA88
data:
  {"key":"5ILTUA88","version":473,"data":{"key":"5ILTUA88","version":473,"itemType":"document","title":"An ignition delay and kinetic modeling study of methane, dimethyl ether, and their mixtures at high pressures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"U.","lastName":"Burke"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K.P.","lastName":"Somers"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P.","lastName":"O'Toole"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C.M.","lastName":"Zinner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N.","lastName":"Marquet"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G.","lastName":"Bourque"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.L.","lastName":"Petersen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"W.K.","lastName":"Metcalfe"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Z.","lastName":"Serinyel"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.J.","lastName":"Curran"}],"abstractNote":"© 2014 The Combustion Institute. The development of accurate chemical kinetic models capable of predicting the combustion of methane and dimethyl ether in common combustion environments such as compression ignition engines and gas turbines is important as it provides valuable data and understanding of these fuels under conditions that are difficult and expensive to study in the real combustors. In this work, both experimental and chemical kinetic model-predicted ignition delay time data are provided covering a range of conditions relevant to gas turbine environments (T=600-1600K, p=7-41atm, ϕ=0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 in 'air' mixtures). The detailed chemical kinetic model (Mech_56.54) is capable of accurately predicting this wide range of data, and it is the first mechanism to incorporate high-level rate constant measurements and calculations where available for the reactions of DME. This mechanism is also the first to apply a pressure-dependent treatment to the low-temperature reactions of DME. It has been validated using available literature data including flow reactor, jet-stirred reactor, shock-tube ignition delay times, shock-tube speciation, flame speed, and flame speciation data. New ignition delay time measurements are presented for methane, dimethyl ether, and their mixtures; these data were obtained using three different shock tubes and a rapid compression machine. In addition to the DME/CH4 blends, high-pressure data for pure DME and pure methane were also obtained. Where possible, the new data were compared with existing data from the literature, with good agreement.","publisher":"","date":"2015","language":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISSN: 15562921 00102180\nIssue: 2\nPages: 315–330\nPublication Title: Combustion and Flame\nVolume: 162\nDOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2014.08.014","tags":[{"tag":"Dimethyl ether"},{"tag":"High pressure"},{"tag":"Ignition delay times"},{"tag":"Methane"},{"tag":"Rapid compression machine"},{"tag":"Shock tube"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: ASBEJQPZ
data:
  {"key":"ASBEJQPZ","version":473,"data":{"key":"ASBEJQPZ","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Importance of turbulence-chemistry interactions at low temperature engine conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Prithwish","lastName":"Kundu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Muhsin M.","lastName":"Ameen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sibendu","lastName":"Som"}],"abstractNote":"The role of turbulence-chemistry interaction in autoignition and flame stabilization is investigated for spray flames at low temperature combustion (LTC) conditions by performing high-fidelity three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A recently developed Tabulated Flamelet Model (TFM) is coupled with a large eddy simulation (LES) framework and validated across a range of Engine Combustion Network (ECN) ambient temperature conditions for n-dodecane fuel. High resolution grids with 0.0625 mm minimum cell size and 25 million total cell count are implemented using adaptive mesh refinement over the spray and combustion regions. Simulations with these grids and multiple LES realizations, with a 103 species n-dodecane mechanism show good agreement with experimental data for all the ambient conditions investigated. This modeling approach with the computational cost advantage of tabulated chemistry is then extended towards understanding the auto-ignition and flame stabilization at an ambient temperature of 750 K. These low temperature conditions lead to substantially higher ignition delays and flame liftoff lengths, and significantly leaner combustion compared to conventional high temperature diesel combustion. These conditions also require the simulations to span significantly larger temporal and spatial dimensions thereby increasing the computational cost. The TFM approach is able to capture autoignition and flame liftoff length at the low temperature conditions. Significant differences with respect to mixing, species formation and flame stabilization are observed under low temperature compared to conventional diesel combustion. At higher ambient temperatures, formation of formaldehyde is observed in the rich region (phi \\textgreater 1) followed by the formation of OH in the stoichiometric regions. Under low temperature conditions, formaldehyde is observed to form at leaner regions followed by the onset of OH formation in significantly lean regions of the flame. Qualitative differences between species formation and transient flame development for the high and low temperature conditions are presented. The two stage ignition process is further investigated by studying the species formation in mixture fraction space by solving 1D flamelet equations for different scalar dissipation rates and homogeneous reactor assumption. Results show that scalar dissipation causes these radicals to diffuse within the mixture fraction space. This significantly enhances ignition and plays a dominant role at such low temperature conditions which cannot be captured by the homogeneous reaction assumption based model.","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"183","issue":"","pages":"283–298","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.05.025","ISSN":"15562921","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"ECN spray A"},{"tag":"Flamelets"},{"tag":"LES"},{"tag":"Low temperature combustion"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: DFIW4XIS
data:
  {"key":"DFIW4XIS","version":473,"data":{"key":"DFIW4XIS","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Combustion simulations of the fuels for advanced combustion engines in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Anand","lastName":"Krishnasamy"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Youngchul","lastName":"Ra"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rolf D","lastName":"Reitz"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bruce","lastName":"Bunting"}],"abstractNote":"Numerical simulations of combustion have been performed for a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine operating on multi-component reference diesel fuels. Two surrogate representation methods were used to describe the nine fuels for advanced combustion engines. The first method of surrogates, denoted as physical-surrogate components, was formulated to describe the fuel's physical properties by matching its distillation profile, specific gravity, lower heating value, hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, and cetane index with measured data. The second method of surrogates, denoted as chemical-surrogate components, was introduced to represent the chemistry of the fuel components using a new group chemistry representation model. In the model, the fuel components in the physical-surrogate components and chemical-surrogate components are related through the classification of chemical structures of the components, i.e. the component in the physical-surrogate components are grouped based on their chemical classes and the chemistry of each group is calculated using a chemical kinetics mechanism (MultiChem) that represents the combustion characteristics of its chemical class. This MultiChem mechanism includes reduced reaction mechanisms for the four main surrogate hydrocarbon chemistry components of diesel fuel, n-paraffins, iso-paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics, with two n-paraffins to provide the ability to mimic molecular weight effects. The computations were performed using a multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamic code, KIVA-ERC-CHEMKIN, and the results show that the predictions of the present multicomponent combustion models are in good agreement with experimental measurements. The combustion characteristics of the fuels for advanced combustion engines are well represented and the present models are well suited for practical engine computations.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Engine Research","volume":"14","issue":"2","pages":"191–208","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1177/1468087412454066","ISSN":"1468-0874","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1468-0874","tags":[{"tag":"19 december 2011"},{"tag":"24 may 2011"},{"tag":"accepted"},{"tag":"combustion"},{"tag":"date received"},{"tag":"engines"},{"tag":"fuels for advanced combustion"},{"tag":"gate model"},{"tag":"homogeneous charge compression ignition"},{"tag":"multi-component"},{"tag":"reaction mechanism"},{"tag":"surro-"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: 25CQ2QDY
data:
  {"key":"25CQ2QDY","version":473,"data":{"key":"25CQ2QDY","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Thermodynamic analysis and system design of a novel split cycle engine concept","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Guangyu","lastName":"Dong"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Robert E.","lastName":"Morgan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Morgan R.","lastName":"Heikal"}],"abstractNote":"The split cycle engine is a new reciprocating internal combustion engine with a potential of a radical efficiency improvement. In this engine, the compression and combustion-expansion processes occur in different cylinders. In the compression cylinder, the charge air is compressed through a quasi-isothermal process by direct cooling of the air. The high pressure air is then heated in a recuperator using the waste heat of exhaust gas before induction to the combustion cylinder. The combustion process occurs during the expansion stroke, in a quasi-isobaric process. In this paper, a fundamental theoretical cycle analysis and one-dimensional engine simulation of the split cycle engine was undertaken. The results show that the thermal efficiency (η) is mainly decided by the CR (compression ratio) and ER (expansion ratio), the regeneration effectiveness (σ), and the temperature rising ratio (N). Based on the above analysis, a system optimization of the engine was conducted. The results showed that by increasing CR from 23 to 25, the combustion and recuperation processes could be improved. By increasing the expansion ratio to 26, the heat losses during the gas exchange stroke were further reduced. Furthermore, the coolant temperatures of the compression and expansion chambers can be controlled separately to reduce the wall heat transfer losses. Compared to a conventional engine, a 21% total efficiency improvement was achieved when the split cycle was applied. It was concluded that through the system optimization, a total thermal efficiency of 53% can be achieved on split cycle engine.","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"102","issue":"","pages":"576–585","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2016.02.102","ISSN":"03605442","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.02.102","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Isobaric combustion"},{"tag":"Isothermal compression"},{"tag":"Split cycle engine"},{"tag":"System optimization"},{"tag":"Waste heat recuperation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: UANUQXEQ
data:
  {"key":"UANUQXEQ","version":473,"data":{"key":"UANUQXEQ","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Developing detailed kinetic models of syngas production from bio-oil gasification using Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG)","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fariba","lastName":"Seyedzadeh Khanshan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Richard H.","lastName":"West"}],"abstractNote":"Detailed kinetic models for the conversion of bio-oil to syngas through gasification were developed automatically using the open source software package Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG). The influences of process operating conditions and of RMG parameters on the performance of models were investigated. Both temperature and pressure alter the product yields, although including pressure-dependent (chemically activated and fall-off) kinetics have minimal impact on these predictions. The model size is important, although currently constrained by available RAM, motivating development of improved memory-management algorithms in RMG. To validate the RMG-built mechanisms, simulations performed with Cantera were compared with experimental data from the literature. Agreements and disagreements between RMG-built models and literature show that the automated mechanism generation approach is promising, but reveal some families of reactions involving heteroatomic cycles that require improved estimates for bio-mass derived fuels. Research in this area would be greatly helped by more quantitative experimental data, ideally showing intermediate species profiles. These findings motivate extra studies and guide further RMG development.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"163","issue":"","pages":"25–33","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.031","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.031","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Bio-oil"},{"tag":"Gasification"},{"tag":"Kinetic model"},{"tag":"Pyrolysis"},{"tag":"Reaction mechanism"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:27Z"}}


key: ENWGNML3
data:
  {"key":"ENWGNML3","version":473,"data":{"key":"ENWGNML3","version":473,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Complex chemistry DNS of n -heptane spray autoignition at high pressure and intermediate temperature conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Giulio","lastName":"Borghesi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Epaminondas","lastName":"Mastorakos"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R Stewart","lastName":"Cant"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"160","issue":"7","pages":"1254–1275","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.02.009","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.02.009","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"Autoignition"},{"tag":"Complex chemistry"},{"tag":"DNS"},{"tag":"Diesel engines"},{"tag":"Spray"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: AKDUGLNI
data:
  {"key":"AKDUGLNI","version":473,"data":{"key":"AKDUGLNI","version":473,"itemType":"conferencePaper","title":"A CFD Study of Water Condensation Inside the Tubes of an Automotive Compact Charge Air Cooler Using Large Eddy Simulation Approach","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Robin","lastName":"Cash"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Apoorv","lastName":"Talekar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bashar","lastName":"AbdulNour"}],"abstractNote":"The usage of compressed air generated by supercharger or turbocharger by automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) is growing with the aim to increase engine performance by increasing the density of the air charge being drawn into the cylinder. Denser air coupled with more fuel pulled into the combustion chamber results in increased engine performance. The inlet air is heated during compression which can cause pre-ignition, which leads to reduced engine functionality. The charge air cooler (CAC) is a heat exchanger introduced to extract heat created during the compression process. Previous research developed a 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model using the k-epsilon turbulent model with near wall treatment to resolve turbulence in the small channels of the CAC. [1] The present research uses a refined computational scheme with a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model to solve local data as a function of time and location and correlates the result to the experimental measurements, as well as compare to the k-epsilon approach. Using LES resulted in the ability to correlate any portion of the experimental data and take a closer look at local heat transfer between the outside surface of the tube and the cooling air. Large Eddy Simulation for heat transfer gave more information required for design of CACs which is difficult to collect for various operating conditions by experiment. The overall benefit presented is a validated simulation methodology that predicts condensation, which is then used to evaluate and design CACs that function outside the condensate formation zone during various vehicle operation modes.","date":"2016","proceedingsTitle":"ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition","conferenceName":"","place":"Phoenix, Arizona","publisher":"ASME","volume":"","pages":"","series":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1115/IMECE2016-66999","ISBN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2016-66999","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Issue: 50626","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: PIH5AK3A
data:
  {"key":"PIH5AK3A","version":472,"data":{"key":"PIH5AK3A","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Guest editors' introduction","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Camenisch"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Costas","lastName":"Lambrinoudakis"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Mathematical and Computer Modelling","volume":"57","issue":"7-8","pages":"1577","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.mcm.2013.02.005","ISSN":"08957177","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2013.02.005","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: HWRYMP57
data:
  {"key":"HWRYMP57","version":472,"data":{"key":"HWRYMP57","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Combustion and emission performance of a split injection diesel engine in a double swirl combustion system","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiangrong","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Haobu","lastName":"Gao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Luming","lastName":"Zhao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zheng","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xu","lastName":"He"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fushui","lastName":"Liu"}],"abstractNote":"The authors developed and tested a split injection strategy in a double swirl combustion system (DSCS). Different split injection strategies with different ratios of pilot injection fuel to total fuel mass (herein defined as “pilot injection/fuel mass ratios”) and dwell times were compared with an optimized single injection strategy in terms of the break specific fuel consumption (BSFC). The in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate and in-cylinder temperature were analyzed to explore the in-cylinder combustion process. The NOx emission was also measured. With the total fuel mass being 100 mg/cycle and excess air coefficient being 2 at 2100 r/min at a 5% pilot injection/fuel mass ratio and a 10 deg dwell time, the BSFC decreased by 2.7% compared with the single injection strategy. The NOx emission increased from 940 ppm to 1140 ppm. An ‘acceleration effect' helped the DSCS when dwell time was short. A spray visualization experiment and numerical simulations were carried out to explain these phenomena. It is concluded that the split injection condition with a smaller pilot injection/fuel mass ratio and a shorter dwell time performed better than the single injection condition in terms of the thermo-atmosphere utilization, space utilization and acceleration effect.","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"114","issue":"","pages":"1135–1146","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.092","ISSN":"03605442","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel engine"},{"tag":"Double swirl combustion system"},{"tag":"Numerical simulation"},{"tag":"Single cylinder engine experiment"},{"tag":"Split injection"},{"tag":"Spray visualization experiment"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: FHT6NVBN
data:
  {"key":"FHT6NVBN","version":472,"data":{"key":"FHT6NVBN","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Temperature Sensitivity and High-Pressure Characteristics of Nano-Sized Additives in AP / HTPB-Composite Propellants","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Catherine A M","lastName":"Dillier"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrew R","lastName":"Demko"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jacob M","lastName":"Stahl"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Thomas","lastName":"Sammet"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Eric","lastName":"Petersen"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"2–7","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"high-pressure"},{"tag":"nano-additives"},{"tag":"solid propellants"},{"tag":"temperature sensitivity"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: 5DRNLBCP
data:
  {"key":"5DRNLBCP","version":472,"data":{"key":"5DRNLBCP","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Computations of Physical and Electronic Structure of Stacks of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Varying Topologies","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jennifer A","lastName":"Giaccai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Erin M","lastName":"Adkins"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J Houston","lastName":"Miller"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons"},{"tag":"soot"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: UN9VM66K
data:
  {"key":"UN9VM66K","version":472,"data":{"key":"UN9VM66K","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Computational Study of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Using Natural Gas","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Philip","lastName":"Zoldak"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrzej","lastName":"Sobiesiak"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Bergin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"David D.","lastName":"Wickman"}],"abstractNote":"Reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion employs two fuels with a large difference in auto-ignition properties that are injected at different times to generate a spatial gradient of fuel-air mixtures and reactivity. Researchers have shown that RCCI offers improved fuel efficiency and lower NOx and Soot exhaust emissions when compared to conventional diesel diffusion combustion. The majority of previous research work has been focused on premixed gasoline or ethanol for the low reactivity fuel and diesel for the high reactivity fuel.The increased availability of natural gas (NG) in the U.S. has renewed interest in the application of compressed natural gas (CNG) to heavy-duty (HD) diesel engines in order to realize fuel cost savings and reduce pollutant emissions, while increasing fuel economy. Thus, RCCI using CNG and diesel fuel warrants consideration. A computational study was performed on a 15L HD diesel engine to examine trade-offs of pollutant emissions, fuel consumption, peak cylinder pressure and maximum cylinder pressure rise rate. The results from the model indicated that an RCCI combustion strategy had the potential of 17.5% NOx reduction, 78% soot reduction and a 24% decrease in fuel consumption when compared to a conventional diesel combustion strategy using the same air-fuel ratio (AFR) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate, at the rated power operating condition. This was attained while meeting peak cylinder pressure and maximum cylinder pressure rise rate constraints.","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2014-01-1321","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"http://papers.sae.org/2014-01-1321/","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: 53MBUIAP
data:
  {"key":"53MBUIAP","version":472,"data":{"key":"53MBUIAP","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Spark Ignition Engine Combustion Modeling Using a Level Set Method with Detailed","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L","lastName":"Liang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rd","lastName":"Reitz"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE Paper 2006-01-0243","volume":"2006","issue":"724","pages":"","date":"2006","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=intitle:2006-01-0243+Spark+Ignition+Engine+Combustion+Modeling+Using+a+Level+Set+Method+with+Detailed+Chemistry{\\#}0","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: 2BXW624Y
data:
  {"key":"2BXW624Y","version":472,"data":{"key":"2BXW624Y","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Multi-component vapor-liquid equilibrium model for LES of high-pressure fuel injection and application to ECN Spray A","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Matheis"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Stefan","lastName":"Hickel"}],"abstractNote":"We present and evaluate a two-phase model for Eulerian large-eddy simulations (LES) of liquid-fuel injection and mixing at high pressure. The model is based on cubic equations of state and vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations and can represent the coexistence of supercritical states and multi-component subcritical two-phase states via a homogeneous mixture approach. Well-resolved LES results for the Spray A benchmark case of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) and three additional operating conditions are found to agree very well with available experimental data. We also address well-known numerical challenges of trans- and supercritical fluid mixing and compare a fully conservative formulation to a quasi-conservative formulation of the governing equations. Our results prove physical and numerical consistency of both methods on fine grids and demonstrate the effects of energy conservation errors associated with the quasi-conservative formulation on typical LES grids.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"99","issue":"","pages":"294–311","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.001","ISSN":"03019322","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.001","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd\n_eprint: 1609.08533","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel fuel injection"},{"tag":"Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray A"},{"tag":"Large Eddy Simulation (LES)"},{"tag":"Supercritical"},{"tag":"Transcritical"},{"tag":"Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE)"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: G4VDDM4E
data:
  {"key":"G4VDDM4E","version":472,"data":{"key":"G4VDDM4E","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Split fuel injection and Miller cycle in a large-bore engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Matteo","lastName":"Imperato"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ossi","lastName":"Kaario"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Teemu","lastName":"Sarjovaara"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Martti","lastName":"Larmi"}],"abstractNote":"The upcoming emission legislation for sea-going vessels issued by the international marine organization requires drastic reduction in nitric oxides. A well-known approach for meeting these requirements is to reduce the in-cylinder temperature prior to combustion by using the so-called Miller cycle. However, the mere use of this technique presents the actual limits due to long ignition delay, which occurs when the compression temperature is very low. As a consequence, premixed combustion develops quickly, increasing the local temperature in the combustion chamber and favoring NOx formation. Splitting the fuel injection into a small pilot and a main injection can reduce the magnitude of the premixed combustion and the local in-cylinder temperatures. The work presented here is divided in two parts and is novel by being the first systematic study of split injection combined with Miller cycle in large-bore engines. In its first stage, an extensive study of the injection dwell with two intake valve closings and three timings of the main injection are analyzed. In the second stage, both injection events are shifted later in the power stroke with fixed injection dwell. Overall, the pilot injection reduced the ignition delay but dropped the peak of the premixed combustion only with the most advanced intake valve closing. This improved fuel economy, but provided no advantages as far as emissions are concerned. In addition, while increasing injection dwell reduced NOx emissions, it also increased fuel consumption. The highest achieved NOx reduction was close to 60%, with a small drawback in fuel economy.","publicationTitle":"Applied Energy","volume":"162","issue":"","pages":"289–297","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.041","ISSN":"03062619","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.041","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0306-2619\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel combustion"},{"tag":"Large-bore engine"},{"tag":"Miller cycle"},{"tag":"NOx reduction"},{"tag":"Pilot injection"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: DLZ3P2DH
data:
  {"key":"DLZ3P2DH","version":472,"data":{"key":"DLZ3P2DH","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Advanced Models for Turbulent Spray and Combustion","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Abolfazl","lastName":"Irannejad"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:26Z"}}


key: JRDLZLF5
data:
  {"key":"JRDLZLF5","version":472,"data":{"key":"JRDLZLF5","version":472,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"L j 1 vx-1.","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Information T O","lastName":"Users"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: WH2GYCRV
data:
  {"key":"WH2GYCRV","version":471,"data":{"key":"WH2GYCRV","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effects of primary breakup modeling on spray and combustion characteristics of compression ignition engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Som"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S. K.","lastName":"Aggarwal"}],"abstractNote":"Injector flow dynamics and primary breakup processes are known to play a pivotal role in determining combustion and emissions in diesel engines. In the present study, we examine the effects of primary breakup modeling on the spray and combustion characteristics under diesel engine conditions. The commonly used KH model, which considers the aerodynamically induced breakup based on the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, is modified to include the effects of cavitation and turbulence generated inside the injector. The KH model and the new (KH-ACT) model are extensively evaluated by performing 3-D time-dependent simulations with detailed chemistry under diesel engine conditions. Results indicate that the inclusion of cavitation and turbulence enhances primary breakup, leading to smaller droplet sizes, decrease in liquid penetration, and increase in the radial dispersion of spray. Predictions are compared with measurements for non-evaporating and evaporating sprays, as well as with flame measurements. While both the models are able to reproduce the experimentally observed global spray and combustion characteristics, predictions using the KH-ACT model exhibit closer agreement with measurements in terms of liquid penetration, cone angle, spray axial velocity, and liquid mass distribution for non-evaporating sprays. Similarly, the KH-ACT model leads to better agreement with respect to the liquid length and vapor penetration distance for evaporating sprays, and with respect to the flame lift-off location for combusting sprays. The improved agreement is attributed to the ability of the new model to account for the effects of turbulence and cavitation generated inside the injector, which enhance the primary breakup. Results further indicate that the combustion under diesel engine conditions is characterized by a double-flame structure with a rich premixed reaction zone near the flame stabilization region and a non-premixed reaction zone further downstream. This flame structure is consistent with the Dec's model for diesel engine combustion (Dec, 1997) [1], and well captured by a newly developed flame index based on the scalar product of CO and O2 mass fraction gradients. ?? 2010 The Combustion Institute.","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"157","issue":"6","pages":"1179–1193","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.02.018","ISSN":"00102180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.02.018","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0010-2180\nPublisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"Cavitation"},{"tag":"Diesel combustion"},{"tag":"Flame lift-off"},{"tag":"Kelvin-Helmholtz model"},{"tag":"Liquid length"},{"tag":"Primary breakup"},{"tag":"Turbulence"},{"tag":"X-ray radiography"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: M2HZZWSD
data:
  {"key":"M2HZZWSD","version":471,"data":{"key":"M2HZZWSD","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Investigation into the Effect of Flame Propagation in the Gasoline Compression Ignition by Coupling G-Equation and Reduced Chemical Kinetics Combustion Model","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Buyu","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhi","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Shijin","lastName":"Shuai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jianxin","lastName":"Wang"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: 853NSBHM
data:
  {"key":"853NSBHM","version":471,"data":{"key":"853NSBHM","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Direct numerical simulations of ignition of a lean n-heptane/air mixture with temperature inhomogeneities at constant volume: Parametric study","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chun Sang","lastName":"Yoo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tianfeng","lastName":"Lu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jacqueline H.","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chung K.","lastName":"Law"}],"abstractNote":"The effect of thermal stratification on the ignition of a lean homogeneous n-heptane/air mixture at constant volume and high pressure is investigated by direct numerical simulations (DNS) with a new 58-species reduced kinetic mechanism developed for very lean mixtures from the detailed LLNL mechanism (H.J. Curran et al., Combust. Flame 129 (2002) 253-280). Two-dimensional DNS are performed in a fixed volume with a two-dimensional isotropic velocity spectrum and temperature fluctuations superimposed on the initial scalar fields. The influence of variations in the initial temperature field, imposed by changing the mean and variance of temperature, and the ratio of turbulence to ignition delay timescale on multi-stage ignition of a lean n-heptane/air mixture is studied. In general, the mean heat release rate increases more slowly with increasing thermal stratification regardless of the mean initial temperature. Ignition delay decreases with increasing thermal stratification for high mean initial temperature relative to the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) regime. It is, however, increased with increasing thermal fluctuations for relatively low mean initial temperature resulting from a longer overall ignition delay of the mixture. Displacement speed and Damköhler number analyses reveal that the high degree of thermal stratification induces deflagration rather than spontaneous ignition at the reaction fronts, and hence, the mean heat release rate is smoother subsequent to thermal runaway occurring at the highest temperature regions in the domain. Chemical explosive mode analysis (CEMA) also verifies that mixing counterbalances chemical explosion at the reaction fronts for cases with large temperature fluctuation. It is also found that if the ratio of turbulence to ignition delay timescale is short, resultant diminished scalar fluctuations cause the overall ignition to occur by spontaneous ignition. However, the overall effect of turbulence is small compared to the effect of thermal stratification. These results suggest that the critical degree of thermal stratification for smooth operation of homogeneous charge compression-ignition (HCCI) engines depends on both the mean and fluctuations in initial temperature which should be considered in controlling ignition timing and preventing an overly rapid increase in pressure in HCCI combustion. © 2011 The Combustion Institute.","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"158","issue":"9","pages":"1727–1741","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.01.025","ISSN":"00102180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.01.025","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0010-2180\nPublisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"Auto-ignition"},{"tag":"Chemical explosive mode analysis"},{"tag":"DNS"},{"tag":"HCCI"},{"tag":"N-Heptane reduced mechanism"},{"tag":"Thermal stratification"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: 9TYUQ7N4
data:
  {"key":"9TYUQ7N4","version":471,"data":{"key":"9TYUQ7N4","version":471,"itemType":"document","title":"Numerical Investigation of Soot Emission in Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engines Using a Detailed Soot Model Framework","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Joohan","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Namho","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kyoungdoug","lastName":"Min"}],"abstractNote":"","publisher":"","date":"2016","language":"","shortTitle":"","url":"http://papers.sae.org/2016-01-0580/","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISSN: 01487191\nDOI: 10.4271/2016-01-0580","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: 5ITW5V4E
data:
  {"key":"5ITW5V4E","version":471,"data":{"key":"5ITW5V4E","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental validation and CFD modeling study of biomass fast pyrolysis in fluidized-bed reactors","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Q.","lastName":"Xue"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D.","lastName":"Dalluge"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T. J.","lastName":"Heindel"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. O.","lastName":"Fox"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. C.","lastName":"Brown"}],"abstractNote":"In this work, an Euler-Euler multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, which couples a biomass particle pyrolysis model with a multi-fluid hydrodynamics model for gas-particle flow, is used to describe a biomass pyrolysis process, and model predictions are compared to experimental data produced in a lab-scale fluidized-bed reactor. A parametric study of operating conditions was also performed. The kinetic model is based on superimposed hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin reactions. General biomass feedstock can be represented through the initial mass composition with respect to the three components. The gas-particle flow is modeled with a multi-fluid description (gas, sand, biomass) derived from the kinetic theory of granular flows. The predicted product yields at the reactor outlet are presented and compared with the experimental measurements for both pure cellulose and red oak pyrolysis, and encouraging quantitative agreement is achieved. The model is then applied to investigate the effect of various operating conditions on the pyrolysis product yields in the reactor. Results indicate that biomass particle size and superficial gas velocity influence tar yield and residence time considerably with a fixed bed height. For the range of operating temperature studied, the model captures the trend of biomass decomposition versus temperature and shows an optimal temperature of about 500??C for bio-oil production as reported in the literature. Different biomass feedstocks are also simulated and model shortcomings are discussed. ?? 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"97","issue":"","pages":"757–769","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.065","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.065","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Biofuel"},{"tag":"Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)"},{"tag":"Multiphase flows"},{"tag":"Thermochemical conversion"},{"tag":"Variable particle density"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: 8CI4CU28
data:
  {"key":"8CI4CU28","version":471,"data":{"key":"8CI4CU28","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental study of the injection conditions influence over n-dodecane and diesel sprays with two ECN single-hole nozzles. Part II: Reactive atmosphere","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Raul","lastName":"Payri"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F. J.","lastName":"Salvador"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jaime","lastName":"Gimeno"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jesús E.","lastName":"Peraza"}],"abstractNote":"The second part of this experimental analysis, presented in this paper, seeks to go deep on the characterization of the Spray C and Spray D nozzles from the Engine Combustion Network, investigating the penetration of fuel spray at reacting conditions alongside characteristic parameters of combustion such as ignition delay and lift-off length. Both ECN mono-orifice injectors have similar nozzle flow capacity but different conicity degrees and corner sharpness, being Spray C more susceptible to cavitate. Schlieren imaging technique was employed to quantitatively measure reactive penetration and ignition delay, while lift-off length was identified through OH∗chemiluminescence. As in the inert part of this research, n-dodecane and commercial diesel were selected for the tests, thereby the effect of the fuel properties in the measured parameters was analyzed. Also, once again the concept of R-parameter, defined as the penetration derivative respect to the square root of time was calculated to delve into the penetration behavior. The experiments were performed in a constant pressure-flow facility able to reproduce engine-like thermodynamic conditions. Results revealed that R-parameter evolution can be divided in four stages: an inert zone, a ‘bump', a ‘valley' part and a quasi-steady one that overlaps the previous inert part. Those stages are highly governed by ambient temperature and oxygen concentration. Nozzle geometry and fuel properties demonstrated to have a noteworthy influence on all measured parameters.","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"126","issue":"","pages":"1157–1167","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.079","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.077","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0196-8904\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Chemiluminescence"},{"tag":"ECN nozzles"},{"tag":"Fuels"},{"tag":"Ignition delay"},{"tag":"Lift-off length"},{"tag":"Schlieren"},{"tag":"Tip penetration"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: SUCKZKQX
data:
  {"key":"SUCKZKQX","version":471,"data":{"key":"SUCKZKQX","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development of a Five-Step Global Methane Oxidation-NO Formation Mechanism for Lean-Premixed Gas Turbine Combustion","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D. G.","lastName":"Nicol"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P. C.","lastName":"Malte"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"a. J.","lastName":"Hamer"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. J.","lastName":"Roby"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. C.","lastName":"Steele"}],"abstractNote":"It is known that many of the previously published global methane$\\backslash$noxidation mechanisms used in conjunction with computational fluid$\\backslash$ndynamics (CFD) codes do not accurately predict CH4 and CO concentrations$\\backslash$nunder typical lean-premixed combustion turbine operating conditions. In$\\backslash$nan effort to improve the accuracy of the global oxidation mechanism$\\backslash$nunder these conditions, an optimization method for selectively adjusting$\\backslash$nthe reaction rate parameters of the global mechanisms (e.g.,$\\backslash$npre-exponential factor, activation temperature, and species$\\backslash$nconcentration exponents) using chemical reactor modeling is developed$\\backslash$nherein. Traditional global mechanisms involve only hydrocarbon$\\backslash$noxidation: that is, they do not allow for the prediction of NO directly$\\backslash$nfrom the kinetic mechanism. In this work, a two-step global mechanism$\\backslash$nfor NO formation is proposed to be used in combination with a three-step$\\backslash$noxidation directly from the kinetic mechanism. In this work, a two-step$\\backslash$nglobal mechanism for mechanism. The resulting five-step global mechanism$\\backslash$ncan be used with CFD codes to predict CO, CO2, and NO emission directly.$\\backslash$nResults of the global mechanism optimization method are shown for a$\\backslash$npressure of 1 atmosphere and for pressures of interest for gas turbine$\\backslash$nengines. CFD results showing predicted CO and NO emissions using the$\\backslash$nfive-step global mechanism developed for elevated pressures are$\\backslash$npresented and compared to measured data.","publicationTitle":"Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power","volume":"121","issue":"2","pages":"272","date":"1999","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1115/1.2817117","ISSN":"07424795","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:25Z"}}


key: 9QEGLXPG
data:
  {"key":"9QEGLXPG","version":471,"data":{"key":"9QEGLXPG","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development of a Simulation Model for Direct Injection Dual Fuel Diesel-Natural Gas Engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D T","lastName":"Hountalas"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R G","lastName":"Papagiannakis"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"724","pages":"","date":"2000","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 5117064720","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: 2XEG823D
data:
  {"key":"2XEG823D","version":471,"data":{"key":"2XEG823D","version":471,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Volume of fluid-based numerical modeling of condensation heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in microchannels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.","lastName":"Ganapathy"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Shooshtari"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K.","lastName":"Choo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Dessiatoun"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Alshehhi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Ohadi"}],"abstractNote":"The present work proposes a numerical model for the simulation of condensation heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in a single microchannel. The model was based on the volume of fluid approach, which governed the hydrodynamics of the two-phase flow. The condensation characteristics were governed by the physics of the phenomena and did not include any empirical expressions in the formulation. The conventional governing equations for conservation of volume fraction and energy were modified to include source terms that accounted for the mass transfer at the liquid-vapor interface and the associated release of latent heat, respectively. A microchannel having characteristic dimension of 100 μm was modeled using a two-dimensional computational domain. The working fluid was R134a and the vapor mass flux at the channel inlet ranged from 245 to 615 kg/m2 s. The channel wall was maintained at a constant heat flux ranging from 200 to 800 kW/m2. The predictive accuracy of the numerical model was assessed by comparing the two-phase frictional pressure drop and Nusselt number with available empirical correlations in the literature. A reasonably good agreement was obtained for both parameters with a mean absolute error of 8.1% for two-phase frictional pressure drop against a recent universal predictive approach, and 16.6% for Nusselt number against an available correlation. Further, a qualitative comparison of various flow patterns against experimental visualization data also indicated a favorable agreement. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"65","issue":"","pages":"62–72","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.05.044","ISSN":"00179310","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.05.044","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 00179310\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Condensation Microchannel Numerical simulation Vol"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: RQ2PPM2E
data:
  {"key":"RQ2PPM2E","version":470,"data":{"key":"RQ2PPM2E","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Analysis of Knock in a Dual-Fuel Engine Analysis of Knock in a Dual-Fuel Engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"John","lastName":"Kubesh"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Diana D","lastName":"Brehob"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ford Motor","lastName":"Co"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Papers$\\backslash$SAE Papers$\\backslash$Diesel 1990-2002","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"1992","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/922367","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: R6YA9N3S
data:
  {"key":"R6YA9N3S","version":470,"data":{"key":"R6YA9N3S","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effects of the injection strategy on the mixture formation and combustion characteristics in a DISI (direct injection spark ignition) optical engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jingeun","lastName":"Song"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Taehoon","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jihwan","lastName":"Jang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sungwook","lastName":"Park"}],"abstractNote":"The present study investigates the effect of the injection strategy on the mixture quality and the consequential combustion characteristics. The injection strategies considered in the present study were divided into two parts: single injection (with a wide range of injection timings during the intake stroke) and double injection (with a short second injection during the compression stroke). The in-cylinder pressure and high-speed flame images were acquired to evaluate the combustion characteristics, and KIVA simulation was conducted to observe the in-cylinder flow and the fuel spray spreading procedure. For the single injection, retarding the injection timing caused an increase in the combustion speed and in-cylinder pressure. In this case, the major factor that increased the in-cylinder pressure was the turbulence intensity; the later injection produced a stronger turbulence at the spark timing, which caused a higher in-cylinder pressure. Meanwhile, the flame propagation direction was mainly affected by the equivalence ratio distribution. The flame speed toward the fuel-lean region was significantly slower than toward the fuel-rich region. The double injection strategy utilized the additional turbulence induced by the spray motion to increase the engine power.","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"93","issue":"","pages":"1758–1768","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.058","ISSN":"03605442","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.058","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 03605442\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"DISI (direct injection spark ignition) optical eng"},{"tag":"Flame propagation"},{"tag":"KIVA code"},{"tag":"Mixture formation"},{"tag":"Turbulence intensity"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: BNRE9ABJ
data:
  {"key":"BNRE9ABJ","version":470,"data":{"key":"BNRE9ABJ","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental and numerical study of laminar premixed dimethyl ether / methane – air flame","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Huibin","lastName":"Yu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Erjiang","lastName":"Hu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yu","lastName":"Cheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xinyi","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zuohua","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"FUEL","volume":"136","issue":"","pages":"37–45","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.032","ISSN":"0016-2361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.032","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: 4N53AP2K
data:
  {"key":"4N53AP2K","version":470,"data":{"key":"4N53AP2K","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Nonlinear effects in the extraction of laminar flame speeds from expanding spherical flames","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A P","lastName":"Kelley"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C K","lastName":"Law"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"156","issue":"9","pages":"1844–1851","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.04.004","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.04.004","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"flame speed extrapolation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: TRGPZYBB
data:
  {"key":"TRGPZYBB","version":470,"data":{"key":"TRGPZYBB","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental comparison of soot formation in turbulent flames of Diesel and surrogate Diesel fuels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R.","lastName":"Lemaire"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Faccinetto"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E.","lastName":"Therssen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Ziskind"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C.","lastName":"Focsa"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P.","lastName":"Desgroux"}],"abstractNote":"Soot formation is compared in turbulent diffusion flames burning a commercial Diesel and two Diesel surrogates containing n-decane and α-methylnaphthalene. A burner equipped with a high-efficiency atomisation system has been specially designed and allows the stabilisation of liquid fuels flames with similar hydrodynamics conditions. The initial surrogate composition (70% n-decane, 30% α-methylnaphthalene) was previously used in the literature to simulate combustion in Diesel engines. In this work, a direct comparison of Diesel and surrogates soot tendencies is undertaken and relies on soot and fluorescent species mappings obtained respectively by Laser-Induced Incandescence (LII) at 1064 nm and Laser-Induced Fluorescence at 532 nm. LIF was assigned to soot precursors and mainly to high-number ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). The initial surrogate was found to form 40% more soot than the tested Diesel. Consequently, a second surrogate containing a lower α-methylnaphthalene concentration (20%) has been formulated. That composition which presents a Threshold Soot Index (TSI) very close to Diesel one is also consistent with our Diesel composition that indicates a relatively low PAH content. The spatially resolved measurements of soot and fluorescent soot precursors are quite identical (in shape and intensity) in the Diesel and in the second surrogate flames. Furthermore the concordance of the LII temporal decays suggests that a similar growth of the primary soot particles has occurred for Diesel and surrogates. In addition, the comparison of the LII fluence curves indicates that physical/optical properties of soot contained in the different flames might be similar. The chemical composition present at the surface of soot particles collected in Diesel and surrogate flames has been obtained by laser-desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. An important difference is found between Diesel and surrogate samples indicating the influence of the fuel composition on soot content. © 2009 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","volume":"32 I","issue":"1","pages":"737–744","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.proci.2008.05.019","ISSN":"15407489","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.05.019","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1540-7489\nPublisher: The Combustion Institute","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel"},{"tag":"Laser diagnostics"},{"tag":"PAH"},{"tag":"Soot"},{"tag":"Surrogate"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: 4XEE3E94
data:
  {"key":"4XEE3E94","version":470,"data":{"key":"4XEE3E94","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Ignition characteristics of heptane-hydrogen and heptane-methane fuel blends at elevated pressures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S. K.","lastName":"Aggarwal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"O.","lastName":"Awomolo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K.","lastName":"Akber"}],"abstractNote":"There is significant interest in using hydrogen and natural gas for enhancing the performance of diesel engines. We report herein a numerical investigation on the ignition of n-C7H16/H2 and n-C7H16/CH4 fuel blends. The CHEMKIN 4.1 software is used to model ignition in a closed homogenous reactor under conditions relevant to diesel/HCCI engines. Three reaction mechanisms used are (i) NIST mechanism involving 203 species and 1463 reactions, (ii) Dryer mechanism with 116 species and 754 reactions, and (iii) a reduced mechanism (Chalmers) with 42 species and 168 reactions. The parameters include pressures of 30 atm and 55 atm, equivalence ratios of ??= 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0, temperature range of 800-1400 K, and mole fractions of H2 or CH4 in the blend between 0 and 100%. For n-C7H16/air mixtures, the Chalmers mechanism not only provides closer agreement with measurements compared to the other two mechanisms, but also reproduces the negative temperature coefficient regime. Consequently, this mechanism is used to characterize the effects of H2 or CH4 on the ignition of n-C7H16. Results indicate that H2 or CH 4 addition has a relatively small effect on the ignition of n-C 7H16/air mixtures, while the n-C7H16 addition even in small amount modifies the ignition of H2/air and CH4/air mixtures significantly. The n-C7H16 addition decreases and increases the ignition delays of H2/air mixtures at low and high temperatures, respectively, while its addition to CH4/air mixtures decreases ignition delays at all temperatures. The sensitivity analysis indicates that ignition characteristics of these fuel blends are dominated by the pyrolysis/oxidation chemistry of n-heptane, with heptyl (C7H16-2) and hydoxyl (OH) radicals being the two most important species. ?? 2011, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"36","issue":"23","pages":"15392–15402","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.08.065","ISSN":"03603199","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.08.065","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0360-3199\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Engine conditions"},{"tag":"Hydrogen-heptane blends"},{"tag":"Ignition"},{"tag":"Methane-heptane blends"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: XTEY2VSX
data:
  {"key":"XTEY2VSX","version":470,"data":{"key":"XTEY2VSX","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"CFDEM modelling of particle heating and acceleration in cold spraying","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K. H.","lastName":"Leitz"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"O'Sullivan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Plankensteiner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T.","lastName":"Lichtenegger"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Pirker"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.","lastName":"Kestler"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L. S.","lastName":"Sigl"}],"abstractNote":"Cold spraying is a promising approach for the processing of refractory metals. A powder material is accelerated and heated in the gas flow of a supersonic nozzle to velocities that are sufficient to obtain cohesion of the particles to a substrate due to plastic deformation. The cohesion behavior of the particles is mainly determined by their velocity and temperature. These are controlled by the pressure and temperature of the gas at the nozzle entrance. A correlation of the process parameters gas pressure and temperature with the particle velocity and temperature is possible based upon numerical simulations. In this contribution a CFDEM simulation model for particle heating and acceleration based on OpenFOAM and LIGGGHTS is presented. CFDEMcoupling combines computational fluid dynamic (CFD) calculation of the gas flow based on the finite volume method with a description of the particles based on the discrete element method (DEM). The predictions of the simulation model are verified based on an analytical description of the cold spray nozzle and validated by experimentally measured particle velocities. Based on this experimental validation the drag model of Koch and Hill appears best suited for a CFDEM modelling of cold spraying.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials","volume":"73","issue":"October 2017","pages":"192–198","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.02.003","ISSN":"22133917","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.02.003","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1166601706\nPublisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"CFDEMcoupling"},{"tag":"Cold spraying"},{"tag":"LIGGGHTS"},{"tag":"OpenFOAM"},{"tag":"Particle acceleration"},{"tag":"Particle heating"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:24Z"}}


key: H655P6MC
data:
  {"key":"H655P6MC","version":470,"data":{"key":"H655P6MC","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical simulation of primary atomization in diesel spray at low injection pressure","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F. J.","lastName":"Salvador"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J. V.","lastName":"Romero"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M. D.","lastName":"Roselló"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D.","lastName":"Jaramillo"}],"abstractNote":"Abstract Atomization involves complex physical processes and gas-liquid interaction. Primary atomization on diesel spray is not well understood due to the difficulties to perform experimental measurements in the near nozzle field. Hence computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used as a key element to understand and improve diesel spray. A recent new code for incompressible multiphase flow with adaptive octree mesh refinement has been used to perform simulations of atomization at low injection pressure conditions. The multiphase flow strategy to manage different flows is the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The adaptive mesh allows to locally refine the mesh at each time step where a better resolution is needed to capture important gradients instead of using a static mesh with a fixed and high number of cells which, in turn, would lead to an unaffordable computational cost. Even with this approach, the cell number is very high to achieve a Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) at reasonable computational cost. To reduce the computational cost, an idea has been explored, the possibility of setting a maximum number of cells of the domain. Following this idea, the code has been tested with different configurations to understand their effects on numerical stability, the change in different spray parameters and the benefits achieved in terms of execution time. The outcomes have been validated against a theoretical model.","publicationTitle":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"291","issue":"","pages":"94–102","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.cam.2015.03.044","ISSN":"03770427","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2015.03.044","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0377-0427\nPublisher: Elsevier B.V.","tags":[{"tag":"Atomization"},{"tag":"DNS"},{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Gerris"},{"tag":"VOF"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: DM3PSZAP
data:
  {"key":"DM3PSZAP","version":470,"data":{"key":"DM3PSZAP","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of Cooled Egr on Modified Light Duty Diesel Engine for Combustion, Performance and Emissions Under High Pressure Split Injection Strategies","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","name":"Gautamedara"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Y.V.V.","lastName":"SatyanarayanaMurthy"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Paleti","lastName":"Srinivas"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jayashri","lastName":"Nayar"},{"creatorType":"author","name":"Merigalaramesh"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"12","issue":"March","pages":"188–202","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.csite.2018.03.004","ISSN":"2214157X","shortTitle":"","url":"http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2214157X18300455","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Combustion"},{"tag":"EGR"},{"tag":"High pressure injection"},{"tag":"Ignition delay"},{"tag":"NOx"},{"tag":"Retarded injection"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: CBZJ6K9Y
data:
  {"key":"CBZJ6K9Y","version":470,"data":{"key":"CBZJ6K9Y","version":470,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Extracting length scales of a thermodiffusively unstable laminar flame","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jason","lastName":"Schlup"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Guillaume","lastName":"Blanquart"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the 10th US Combustion Meeting","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–7","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"Abstract ID: 2LF-0465","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"flame instabilities"},{"tag":"hydrogen combustion"},{"tag":"laminar flame"},{"tag":"thermal diffusion"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: 7YVR9WZV
data:
  {"key":"7YVR9WZV","version":469,"data":{"key":"7YVR9WZV","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Inverse Livengood-Wu integration method for analyzing ignition delay times in reactors with varying conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M","lastName":"Tao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P","lastName":"Zhao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P.T.","lastName":"Lynch"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"10th US National Meeting on Combustion","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–7","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"high throughput"},{"tag":"ignition delay"},{"tag":"ignition screening"},{"tag":"l-w integral"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: 5BBFBDYL
data:
  {"key":"5BBFBDYL","version":469,"data":{"key":"5BBFBDYL","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development and use of a spray combustion modeling to predict diesel engine efficiency and pollutant emissions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H","lastName":"Hiroyasu"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Bulletin of JSME","volume":"26","issue":"214","pages":"569–575","date":"1983","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: ABK6Y7RK
data:
  {"key":"ABK6Y7RK","version":469,"data":{"key":"ABK6Y7RK","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Methane-air triple flames in strained mixing layers","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P","lastName":"Rajamanickam"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"W","lastName":"Coenen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A L","lastName":"Sànchez"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F A","lastName":"Williams"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"2–7","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"counterflow flames"},{"tag":"edge flames"},{"tag":"methane"},{"tag":"triple flames"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: 7XNY9SJM
data:
  {"key":"7XNY9SJM","version":469,"data":{"key":"7XNY9SJM","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A numerical study of the effects of pressure fluctuations inside injection nozzle on high-pressure and evaporating diesel spray characteristics","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiang","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhiqiang","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wanhua","lastName":"Su"}],"abstractNote":"Effects of injection pressure fluctuations on high-pressure and evaporating spray behaviour, especially under the representative modern diesel engine injection conditions, were carefully evaluated by using a well validated two-stage modelling approach. The numerical results indicate that as the injection pressure fluctuates more drastically both liquid and gas phase motions in the spray field will be more intensively disturbed. Furthermore, the injection pressure fluctuations have strong potential to enhance fuel/gas mixing processes inside high-pressure and evaporating diesel spray field.","publicationTitle":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"40","issue":"5-6","pages":"4032–4043","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.apm.2015.11.014","ISSN":"0307904X","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2015.11.014","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0307-904X\nPublisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Fuel/air mixing"},{"tag":"Injection pressure fluctuation"},{"tag":"Liquid phase penetration"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:23Z"}}


key: LYXLMHH3
data:
  {"key":"LYXLMHH3","version":469,"data":{"key":"LYXLMHH3","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Cool Flame Combustion of Sub-Millimeter Sized Higher n-Alkane Droplets at Atmospheric Condition","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fahd E","lastName":"Alam"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Frederick L","lastName":"Dryer"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tanvir I","lastName":"Farouk"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"cool flame"},{"tag":"droplet"},{"tag":"n-alkanes"},{"tag":"ozone"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: YSCD448L
data:
  {"key":"YSCD448L","version":469,"data":{"key":"YSCD448L","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental and Computational Analysis of Impact of Self Recirculation Casing Treatment on Turbocharger Compressor","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Liangjun","lastName":"Hu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ce","lastName":"Yang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Harold","lastName":"Sun"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Eric","lastName":"Krivizky"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Louis","lastName":"Larosiliere"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2010-01-1224","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: ZVKSU3HZ
data:
  {"key":"ZVKSU3HZ","version":469,"data":{"key":"ZVKSU3HZ","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental Investigation on Fuel Film Formation by Spray Impingement on Flat Walls with Different Surface Roughness","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Luo, H; Uchitomi, S; Nishida, K; Ogata, Y; Zhang, W and Fujikawa"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Atomization and Sprays","volume":"27","issue":"7","pages":"611–628","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"direct-injection spark-ignition engine"},{"tag":"fuel film characteristics"},{"tag":"fuel spray"},{"tag":"impingement"},{"tag":"mie scattering method"},{"tag":"refractive index matching method"},{"tag":"wall"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: 6IWV5V6C
data:
  {"key":"6IWV5V6C","version":469,"data":{"key":"6IWV5V6C","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of split injections coupled with swirl on combustion performance in DI diesel engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiang Rong","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hai Qin","lastName":"Zhou"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Lu Ming","lastName":"Zhao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Liwang","lastName":"Su"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"He","lastName":"Xu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fu Shui","lastName":"Liu"}],"abstractNote":"Engine-out emissions (NOx and soot) have led to serious air pollution problems, and consequently, increasingly stringent emission norms. In order to decrease the emissions and improve the combustion performance of diesel engines, the effect of split injections with swirl (swirl rate of 0 and 1) was experimentally researched, and the mechanism of the fuel/air mixture of split injections with swirl (swirl rate of 0.5–2.5) was numerically researched in this study. The experimental research was carried out on a modified 1132Z single cylinder diesel engine, equipped with an endoscope system. A two-color method was applied to record flame temperature distribution and KL factor. The experimental results indicate that the flame observed using split injections with swirl rotated obviously. Split injections with swirl had a positive influence on improving the fuel/air mixture, accelerating combustion progress and shortening combustion duration. The combustion duration decreased at swirl rate of 1, with a reduction in the range of 19.5–25.7% at various pilot quantities. In addition, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and soot emission were reduced. BSFC was lower at swirl rate of 1 than that at swirl rate of 0, with a reduction in the range of 1.1–2.01 g/(kW h)−1. For KL factor at 12°CA ATDC, it was also observed that at 12°CA ATDC, the KL factor was lower at swirl rate of 1 than that at swirl rate of 0, with a reduction of 34.9%. Related numerical research on split injections with swirl was performed, and the results show that at a specific swirl, the main injection deviated from the pilot injection and entered the area between two sprays, enhancing the utilization of air in the chamber. In addition, the main combustion process accelerated due to the better thermal-atmosphere provided by the pilot injection, so that a better engine performance and lower soot concentration was achieved.","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"129","issue":"","pages":"180–188","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2016.09.011","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel engine"},{"tag":"Flame temperature"},{"tag":"KL factor"},{"tag":"Split injection"},{"tag":"Swirl rate"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: BVQLUN3S
data:
  {"key":"BVQLUN3S","version":469,"data":{"key":"BVQLUN3S","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A parallel volume of fluid-Lagrangian Parcel Tracking coupling procedure for diesel spray modelling","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.","lastName":"Yu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L.","lastName":"Goldsworthy"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Ghiji"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P. A.","lastName":"Brandner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"V.","lastName":"Garaniya"}],"abstractNote":"A parallel computing Eulerian/Lagrangian multi-scale coupling procedure for diesel spray simulation is presented. Early breakup of the diesel jet is captured by using a compressible Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. In regions where the phase interface can no longer be sufficiently resolved, separated and small scale liquid structures are described by a Lagrangian Parcel Tracking (LPT) approach, in conjunction with secondary breakup modelling and a turbulence stochastic dispersion model. The coupling of these two descriptions utilises a Region Coupling Method and an efficiently parallelised droplet identification and extraction procedure. This approach enables run-time VOF-LPT field coupling and filters small-scale liquid structures that are suitable candidates for Eulerian-liquid-structure/Lagrangian droplet conversion, preserving their position, mass and momentum. The coupling procedure is initially applied to model the atomisation of a simple liquid jet and the results are compared with that of a statistical coupling approach to demonstrate the performance of the developed coupling procedure. Its application is then extended to simulate a real diesel spray from a nozzle with a sharp entrance. Coupling in-nozzle phenomena such as flow separation, flow detachment and turbulence to the primary and secondary spray atomisation, provides a tool for the prediction of complex spray dynamics.","publicationTitle":"Computers and Fluids","volume":"150","issue":"","pages":"46–65","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.03.027","ISSN":"00457930","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Compressible flow"},{"tag":"Diesel spray atomisation"},{"tag":"Eulerian (Volume of Fluid)"},{"tag":"Lagrangian (Lagrangian Parcel Tracking)"},{"tag":"Parallel coupling"},{"tag":"Two-phase flows"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: JCN656AG
data:
  {"key":"JCN656AG","version":469,"data":{"key":"JCN656AG","version":469,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"the Chemkin Thermodynamic Database","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Reaction","lastName":"Design"}],"abstractNote":"The Chemkin Thermodynamic database contains polynomial fits to specific heats, standard state enthalpies, and standard state entropies. These fits are used by the Chemkin Collection, a generalpurpose chemical kinetics software package. The fourteen coefficients for each species are in the same form as used in the NASA Complex Chemical Equilibrium Program.2 This manual provides details on the compilation of the data that is currently part of the Chemkin Collection, including graphical representations of the fits to experimental (or calculated) data points. Also included is a description of a fitting utility program called Fitdat. Fitdat can be used to generate the Chemkincompatible fitting coefficients from tables of specific heats, entropies, and enthalpies vs. temperature, as well as from vibrational-frequency values.","publicationTitle":"Design","volume":"","issue":"September","pages":"Release 3.6","date":"2000","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: JFLKQ6XD
data:
  {"key":"JFLKQ6XD","version":468,"data":{"key":"JFLKQ6XD","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental study of dual fuel engine performance using variable LPG composition and engine parameters","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Emad","lastName":"Elnajjar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mohamed Y E","lastName":"Selim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mohammad O.","lastName":"Hamdan"}],"abstractNote":"The present work investigates experimentally the effect of LPG fuel with different composition and engine parameters on the performance of a dual compression engine. Five different blends of LPG fuels are used with Propane to Butane volume ratio of 100:0, 70:30, 55:45, 25:75, and 0:100. A single cylinder, naturally aspirated, four strokes, indirectly injected, water cooled modified Ricardo E6 engine, is used in this study. The study is carried out by measuring the cylinder pressure, engine load, engine speed, crank angle, and the fuel's flow rate. The engine performance under variable LPG fuel composition, engine load, pilot fuel injection timing, compression ratio, pilot fuel mass and engine speed, are estimated by comparing the following engine parameters: the cylinder maximum pressure, the indicated mean effective pressure, the maximum rate of pressure rise, and the thermal efficiency. The experimental data indicates that the engine parameters are playing a major role on the engine's performance. Different LPG fuel composition did not show a major effect on the engine efficiency but directly impacted the levels of generated combustion noise. ?? 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"76","issue":"","pages":"32–42","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2013.06.050","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.06.050","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0196-8904\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Dual fuel engine"},{"tag":"Engine performance"},{"tag":"LPG composition"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: V8Q4V36Q
data:
  {"key":"V8Q4V36Q","version":468,"data":{"key":"V8Q4V36Q","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Octane rating effects of direct injection fuels on dual fuel HCCI-DI strati fi ed combustion mode with port injection of n -heptane","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yong","lastName":"Qian"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hua","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dong","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Libin","lastName":"Ji"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhen","lastName":"Huang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xingcai","lastName":"Lu"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"111","issue":"","pages":"1003–1016","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2016.06.044","ISSN":"0360-5442","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.06.044","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: YF4JEKD6
data:
  {"key":"YF4JEKD6","version":468,"data":{"key":"YF4JEKD6","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effects of diesel fuel temperature on fuel flow and spray characteristics","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Youngsoo","lastName":"Park"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Joonsik","lastName":"Hwang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Choongsik","lastName":"Bae"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kihyun","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jinwoo","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Soonchan","lastName":"Pyo"}],"abstractNote":"The cold start issue has been a problem in diesel engines. Thus, in the present research, the diesel fuel flow and macroscopic spray characteristics over a wide fuel temperature range were investigated to provide valuable insights for solving the cold start problem. An injection system including a common-rail and a fuel supplier was designed to control the fuel temperature from 243 K to 313 K. For the fuel flow characteristics, the results showed that the injection quantity decreased by 50% as the fuel temperature decreased from 313 K to 243 K under the same energizing time. It was also confirmed that the real start of injection timing was retarded as the fuel temperature decreased. The reason is that increased fuel viscosity disturbed the injector needle motion and fuel flow in the nozzle. The spray test was performed under the simulated cold start condition using a constant-volume combustion chamber (CVCC). For the macroscopic spray characteristics, the liquid-phase fuel penetration increased and the spray angle decreased with cold fuel due to attenuated fuel evaporation process and interaction with ambient gas. These results could cause poor air-fuel mixing process under the cold starting.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"162","issue":"","pages":"1–7","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.008","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.008","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Cold start"},{"tag":"Diesel fuel"},{"tag":"Injection quantity and rate"},{"tag":"Spray characteristics"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:22Z"}}


key: 5SVTEEGA
data:
  {"key":"5SVTEEGA","version":468,"data":{"key":"5SVTEEGA","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical investigation of the effect split injection scheme on exergy terms in an IDI (indirect injection) diesel engine by three dimensional modeling","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Samad","lastName":"Jafarmadar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Peyman","lastName":"Nemati"}],"abstractNote":"The investigations suggest that it is possible to control the injected masses between two subsequent injections in split injection schemes by modern injection systems. It offers the opportunity to optimize the injection system. During this investigation, therefore, the exergy analysis is carried out under various two-step injection schemes in which the percentage of total fuel injected in the first pulse is changed from 75% to 100%, and the value of dwelling time duration is 20°CA (crank angle) for all cases. The calculations were performed on a Lister 8.1 IDI (indirect injection) diesel engine at full load operation. The energy analysis for these schemes was performed during a closed cycle by utilizing a three-dimensional CFD (computational fluid dynamics) code. The cylinder pressure results of the baseline engine were compared with the corresponding experimental data which showed a good agreement. For the exergy analysis, an in-house computational code was developed, which uses the results of the energy analysis at various cases. With crank angle position and the percentage of total fuel injected in the first pulse under different injection schemes, various rates of exergy and cumulative exergy components are identified and calculated separately. The results showed that the values of work exergy and exergy efficiency increase by 11.1% when the mass ratio injected in first pulse is changed from 75% to 100%.","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"93","issue":"","pages":"2280–2291","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.104","ISSN":"03605442","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.104","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Exergy efficiency"},{"tag":"IDI (indirect injection) engine"},{"tag":"Irreversibility"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: HCUKCK2B
data:
  {"key":"HCUKCK2B","version":468,"data":{"key":"HCUKCK2B","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Inertia dominated flow and heat transfer in liquid drop spreading on a hot substrate","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Edin","lastName":"Berberovi??"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ilia V.","lastName":"Roisman"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Suad","lastName":"Jakirli??"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Cameron","lastName":"Tropea"}],"abstractNote":"The present work deals with computational modeling of the fluid flow and heat transfer taking place in the process of impact of a cold liquid drop (Td=20-25??C) onto a dry heated substrate characterized by different thermophysical properties. The computational model, based on the volume-of-fluid method for the free-surface capturing, is validated by simulating the configurations accounting for the conjugate heat transfer. The simulations were performed in a range of impact Reynolds numbers (Re=2000-4500), Weber numbers (We=27-110) and substrate temperatures (Ts=100-120??C). The considered temperature range of the drop-surface, i.e. liquid-solid system does not account for the phase change, that is boiling and evaporation. The model performances are assessed by contrasting the results to the reference database originating from the experimental and complementary numerical investigations by Pasandideh-Fard et al. [Pasandideh-Fard, M., Aziz, S., Chandra, S., Mostaghimi, J., 2001. Cooling effectiveness of a water drop impinging on a hot surface. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 22, 201-210] and Healy et al. [Healy, W., Hartley, J., Abdel-Khalik, S., 2001. On the validity of the adiabatic spreading assumption in droplet impact cooling. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 44, 3869-3881]. In addition, the thermal field obtained is analyzed along with the corresponding asymptotic analytical solution proposed by Roisman [Roisman, I.V., 2010. Fast forced liquid film spreading on a substrate: flow, heat transfer and phase transition. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 656, 189-204]. Contrary to some previous numerical studies, the present computational model accounts for the air flow surrounding the liquid drop. This model feature enables a small air bubble to be resolved in the region of the impact point. The reported results agree reasonably well with experimental and theoretical findings with respect to the drop spreading pattern and associated heat flux and temperature distribution. ?? 2011 Elsevier Inc.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"32","issue":"4","pages":"785–795","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2011.05.001","ISSN":"0142727X","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0142-727X","tags":[{"tag":"Conjugate heat transfer"},{"tag":"Drop impact"},{"tag":"Volume-of-fluid method"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: BEJ9GLX4
data:
  {"key":"BEJ9GLX4","version":468,"data":{"key":"BEJ9GLX4","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Transient characteristics of diesel sprays from a deposit rich injector","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Radboud","lastName":"Pos"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Roger","lastName":"Cracknell"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Lionel","lastName":"Ganippa"}],"abstractNote":"The transients of the early stage evolution of high pressure diesel sprays from a clean and a deposit rich injector were explored using high speed imaging at 24.4 kiloframes per second (kfps). Fuel was injected into a liquid that offered high density ambient conditions and, for comparison, fuel was also injected into air at less dense ambient conditions. By comparison of the evolving fuel spray from a new fuel injector to those of an injector rich in carbonaceous deposits at/in the nozzle, anomalous spray behaviour resulting from the presence of deposits becomes apparent. The fuel spray cone angle from a deposit rich injector increased by 10-140% compared to the fuel spray cone angle from a new injector. The accompanying spread in the measured angle was from 100% to 200% greater for the deposit rich case. The presence of deposits significantly affected the early stages of spray evolution, the reproducibility of the spray shape from a deposit rich injector being very low. The observed occurrence of transient radial bulging has the potential to reduce the axial momentum and reduce the combustion performance in diesel engines.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"153","issue":"","pages":"183–191","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.114","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.114","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel sprays"},{"tag":"Fouled injector"},{"tag":"Fuel spray evolution"},{"tag":"High speed imaging"},{"tag":"Injection in liquid"},{"tag":"Transients"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: 2CS8EU44
data:
  {"key":"2CS8EU44","version":468,"data":{"key":"2CS8EU44","version":468,"itemType":"conferencePaper","title":"Correlations of Laminar Combustion Data for Alternative S.I. Engine Fuels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Omer L","lastName":"Gulder"}],"abstractNote":"Most of the spark ignition engine cycle simulations use turbulent burning models which require a knowledge of laminar burning velocity of the fuel-air mixture as a function of mixture strength, unburned mixture temperature and pressure. In this work burning velocity data of different alternative spark ignition engine fuels obtained by various workers have been compared and critically evaluated. Empirical and semi-empirical correlations, suitable for cycle simulation studies, are presented for laminar burning velocity as a function of mixture strength, unburned mixture temperature, pressure, and residual gas fraction. Fuels considered include ethanoi, methanoi, alcohol/water blends, isooctane/alcohol blends, propane and isooctane. Experimental data obtained by the present author constitute the major part of the data used in correlations. Published data of other workers and the predictions of theoretical thermo-kinetic models have also been considered in correlations. IN THE SIMULATION of the spark ignition engine cycles, modelling of the turbulent flame propagation presents particular problems [1].* Generally, turbulent flame propagation models are based on laminar burning velocity, turbulence intensity, and one or more scale parameters of turbulence [1-5], ^or a given fuel, laminar burning velocity is a function of the mixture strength, unburned mixture temperature and pressure. However, for engine combustion applications, mass fraction of the residual gases in the fresh mixture should also be taken into account. ^Numbers In brackets designate references at end of paper. The burning velocity, which is also called flame velocity or normal combustion velocity, is the velocity at which unburned fuel-air gas mixture moves through the combustion wave in the direction normal to the wave surface. Although, this definition of the flame velocity is straightforward, the experimental determination of it presents some complications. Different measurement and data evaluation techniques have long been known to produce burning velocity data with significant deviations. Detailed critical reviews of various measurement and data evaluation techniques can be found in [6,7]. It was suggested that closed vessel explosion techniques accompanied by density corrections can give good possibilities for the accurate measurement of burning velocity [b,7]. Although thermokinetic combustion models have recently been quite successful for combustion predictions of simple hydrocarbon fuels [8-11], uncertainties in the rates of the elementary reactions [12], and in transport properties of intermediate oxidation species [13] prevent, at the moment, the use of kinetic models for practical fuels in engine cycle simulations.","date":"1984","proceedingsTitle":"West Coast Internatiana! Meeting & Exposition San Diego, California August 6-9,1984","conferenceName":"","place":"","publisher":"","volume":"","pages":"","series":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISBN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: UBPHR9ER
data:
  {"key":"UBPHR9ER","version":468,"data":{"key":"UBPHR9ER","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Shock tube study on ignition delay of hydrogen and evaluation of various kinetic models","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Erjiang","lastName":"Hu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Lun","lastName":"Pan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhenhua","lastName":"Gao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xin","lastName":"Lu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xin","lastName":"Meng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zuohua","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"41","issue":"30","pages":"13261–13280","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.118","ISSN":"0360-3199","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.118","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: DR6FYNDR
data:
  {"key":"DR6FYNDR","version":468,"data":{"key":"DR6FYNDR","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Fluid-solid interaction simulation of flow and stress pattern in thoracoabdominal aneurysms: A patient-specific study","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Borghi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N. B.","lastName":"Wood"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. H.","lastName":"Mohiaddin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"X. Y.","lastName":"Xu"}],"abstractNote":"Thoracoabdominal aneurysm (TA) is a pathology that involves the enlargement of the aortic diameter in the inferior descending thoracic aorta and has risk factors including aortic dissection, aortitis or connective tissue disorders. Abnormal flow patterns and haemodynamic stress on the diseased aortic wall are thought to play an important role in the development of this pathology and the internal wall stress has proved to be more reliable as a predictor of rupture than the maximum diameter for abdominal aortic aneurysms; but this assumption has not been validated yet for aneurysms involving the thoracic aorta. In the present study, three patients with TAs of different maximum diameters were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Realistic models of the aneurysms were reconstructed from the in vivo MRI data acquired from the patients, and subject-specific flow conditions were applied as boundary conditions. The wall and thrombus were modelled as hyperelastic materials and their properties were derived from the literature. A normal descending aorta was also simulated to provide data for comparison. Fully coupled fluid-solid interaction (FSI) simulations as well as solid static simulations were performed using ADINA 8.2. The results show that the wall stress distribution and its magnitude are strongly dependent on the 3-D shape of the aneurysm and the distribution of thrombus. Maximum wall stresses in all TA models are higher than in the normal aorta, and values of maximum wall stress are not directly related to the maximum aneurysm diameter. Comparisons between the FSI and solid static simulation results showed no significant difference in maximum wall stress, supporting those previous studies which found that FSI simulations were not necessary for wall stress prediction. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"24","issue":"2","pages":"270–280","date":"2008","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2007.08.005","ISSN":"08899746","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0791837823","tags":[{"tag":"Fluid-solid interaction"},{"tag":"Intra-luminal thrombus"},{"tag":"Magnetic resonance imaging"},{"tag":"Thoracoabdominal aneurysm"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: Q6ST69IM
data:
  {"key":"Q6ST69IM","version":468,"data":{"key":"Q6ST69IM","version":468,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Autoignition of Liquid Hydrocarbon Droplets in Lean , High Pressure Natural Gas Mixtures in a Rapid Compression Machine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Colin","lastName":"Gould"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Siddhesh","lastName":"Bhoite"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Marc","lastName":"Baumgardner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jeffery","lastName":"Mohr"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ciprian","lastName":"Dumitrache"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Anthony J","lastName":"Marchese"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: 82R5GEPI
data:
  {"key":"82R5GEPI","version":467,"data":{"key":"82R5GEPI","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Spark Ignition and Pre-Chamber Turbulent Jet Ignition Combustion Visualization","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"William P.","lastName":"Attard"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Elisa","lastName":"Toulson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrew","lastName":"Huisjen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xuefei","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Guoming","lastName":"Zhu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Harold","lastName":"Schock"}],"abstractNote":"Natural gas is a promising alternative fuel as it is affordable, available worldwide, has high knock resistance and low carbon content. This study focuses on the combustion visualization of spark ignition combustion in an optical single cylinder engine using natural gas at several air to fuel ratios and speed-load operating points. In addition, Turbulent Jet Ignition optical images are compared to the baseline spark ignition images at the world-wide mapping point (1500 rev/min, 3.3 bar IMEPn) in order to provide insight into the relatively unknown phenomenon of Turbulent Jet Ignition combustion. Turbulent Jet Ignition is an advanced spark initiated pre-chamber combustion system for otherwise standard spark ignition engines found in current passenger vehicles. This next generation pre-chamber design simply replaces the spark plug in a conventional spark ignition engine. Turbulent Jet Ignition enables very fast burn rates due to the ignition system producing multiple, widely distributed ignition sites, which consume the main charge rapidly. This high energy ignition results from the partially combusted (reacting) pre-chamber products initiating combustion in the main chamber. The distributed ignition sites enable relatively small flame travel distances enabling short combustion durations and high burn rates. Multiple benefits include extending the knock limit and initiating combustion in very dilute mixtures (excess air and/or EGR), with dilution levels being comparable to other low temperature combustion technologies (HCCI), without the complex control drawbacks. Copyright © 2012 SAE International.","publicationTitle":"SAE Technical Papers","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2012-01-0823","ISSN":"1946-3944","shortTitle":"","url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84877164198{\\&}partnerID=tZOtx3y1","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: GTHS9NTH
data:
  {"key":"GTHS9NTH","version":467,"data":{"key":"GTHS9NTH","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of split fuel injection and EGR on NOx and PM emission reduction in a low temperature combustion (LTC) mode diesel engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ayush","lastName":"Jain"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Akhilendra Pratap","lastName":"Singh"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Avinash Kumar","lastName":"Agarwal"}],"abstractNote":"In this study, an advanced combustion concept ‘premixed charge compression ignition' (PCCI) has been explored for application in diesel engines. PCCI combustion is a single-stage combustion process, in which a large fraction of fuel burns in premixed combustion phase resulting in relatively lower in-cylinder temperatures compared to compression ignition (CI) combustion. However at high loads, PCCI combustion results in severe knocking and higher oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions. This limits the applicability of this combustion concept up to medium engine loads. This limitation of PCCI combustion can be resolved by altering in-cylinder pressure-temperature history at the time of fuel injection. This can also be resolved by deploying suitable split fuel injection strategy and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), which control combustion events such as start of combustion (SoC) and combustion phasing, leading to lower knocking and NOx emissions. To investigate the effects of various split injection strategies and EGR on PCCI combustion, engine experiments were conducted at different start of main injection (SoMI) timings (12, 16, 20 and 24ï¿½ bTDC), start of pilot injection (SoPI) timings (30, 35 and 40ï¿½ bTDC) and EGR rates (0, 15 and 30%). This study also included detailed particulate characterization such as particulate number-size distribution using an engine exhaust particle sizer (EEPS) and particulate bound trace metal analysis by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometry (ICP-OES). PCCI combustion was found to be superior at 35ï¿½ bTDC SoPI timing and 15% EGR. At retarded SoPI timing (30ï¿½ bTDC), PCCI combustion resulted in slightly higher NOx and particulate emissions, however at too advanced SoPI timing (40ï¿½ bTDC), PCCI combustion showed relatively inferior engine performance. Application of EGR improved PCCI combustion and emission characteristics, however at high EGR, PCCI combustion resulted in inferior engine performance due to reduction in bulk in-cylinder temperatures. Overall, this study showed that PCCI combustion stability, knocking and NOx emissions can be optimized by selecting suitable combination of SoMI and SoPI timings, and EGR rate.","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"122","issue":"","pages":"249–264","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.050","ISSN":"03605442","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.050","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0360-5442\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Exhaust gas recirculation"},{"tag":"Heat release rate"},{"tag":"Knocking"},{"tag":"Partially premixed charge compression ignition"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:21Z"}}


key: RUJJCETF
data:
  {"key":"RUJJCETF","version":467,"data":{"key":"RUJJCETF","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental investigation on performance and emissions of a spark-ignition engine fuelled with natural gas–hydrogen blends combined with EGR","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Erjiang","lastName":"Hu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zuohua","lastName":"Huang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bing","lastName":"Liu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jianjun","lastName":"Zheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiaolei","lastName":"Gu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bin","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"An experimental investigation on the influence of different hydrogen fractions and EGR rates on the performance and emissions of a spark-ignition engine was conducted. The results show that large EGR introduction decreases the engine power output. However, hydrogen addition can increase the power output at large EGR operation. Effective thermal efficiency shows an increasing trend at small EGR rate and a decreasing trend with further increase of EGR rate. In the case of small EGR rate, effective thermal efficiency is decreased with the increase of hydrogen fraction; while in the case of large EGR rate, thermal efficiency is increased with increasing of hydrogen fraction. For a specified hydrogen fraction, NOx concentration is decreased with the increase of EGR rate and this effectiveness becomes more obviously at high hydrogen fraction. HC emission is increased with the increase of EGR rate and it decreases with the increase of hydrogen fraction. CO and CO2 emissions show little variations with EGR rate, but they decrease with the increase of hydrogen fraction. The study shows that natural gas–hydrogen blend combining with EGR can realize high-efficiency and low-emission spark-ignition engine.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"34","issue":"1","pages":"528–539","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.10.042","ISSN":"03603199","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: UAVLF7BC
data:
  {"key":"UAVLF7BC","version":467,"data":{"key":"UAVLF7BC","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical study on fuel physical effects on the split injection processes on a common rail injection system","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dong","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ke","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yaozong","lastName":"Duan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"He","lastName":"Lin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhen","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"As biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, the changed fuel physical properties are found to have influences on the injection characteristics. In this study, a one-dimensional hydraulic model was established to identify the isolated effect of fuel density, viscosity and bulk modulus of compressibility, on the injection mass and pressure propagation waves of a split injection strategy on a common rail injection system. The numerical simulation results indicated that fuel density and bulk modulus of compressibility have more prominent influences on the fuel injection mass and pressure fluctuation characteristics at the injector inlet during the main injection event, while fuel viscosity effects are modest. In addition, injection dwell time between the pilot and main injection is also a crucial parameter affecting the injection characteristics of the main injection event, because the lengths of the injection dwell time influence the initial pressures at the start of the main injection stage and the mean pressures of the main injection stage. The change in these pressures finally affects the injection mass in the main injection event. Therefore, specific effects of fuel physical properties on the main injection process are subject to the injection dwell time, i.e. the specific split injection strategy.","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"134","issue":"","pages":"47–58","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.026","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Bulk modulus of compressibility"},{"tag":"Common rail"},{"tag":"Density"},{"tag":"Fuel"},{"tag":"Split injection"},{"tag":"Viscosity"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: ZUZX2X82
data:
  {"key":"ZUZX2X82","version":467,"data":{"key":"ZUZX2X82","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"One-dimensional model on liquid-phase fuel penetration in diesel sprays","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Min","lastName":"Xu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yi","lastName":"Cui"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kangyao","lastName":"Deng"}],"abstractNote":"This paper reports a theory investigation focusing on liquid penetration of diesel spray. A one-dimensional model on liquid length is developed for the prediction of liquid length, based on the momentum flux and fuel mass flux conservation along the sprays' axis, and energy conservation on the control volume. The heterogeneous distribution of velocity and fuel concentration over the cross-section of spray is taken into consideration. A Gaussian radial profile is assumed for the velocity and fuel volume fraction distribution, and a distribution factor (β) is introduced to describe the distribution profile of axial velocity and fuel volume fraction. The model derived in this research was validated by the measured data from Siebers' experiment over a wide ambient gas temperature and density. This comparison indicates that the velocity and fuel concentration profiles are critical and cannot be neglected in the derivation of liquid length. The distribution factor is confirmed from the best fit of the calculated liquid lengths to the measured data, and should be set as 1.8 for the best fit. The model is further validated by the measured data over a wide orifice pressure drop, orifice diameter, and fuel temperature range. Based on the validated model, liquid length of diesel spray under different gas composition is calculated, and effect of ambient gas composition on liquid length is discussed.","publicationTitle":"Journal of the Energy Institute","volume":"89","issue":"1","pages":"138–149","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.joei.2015.01.002","ISSN":"17460220","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2015.01.002","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel"},{"tag":"Liquid length"},{"tag":"One-dimensional model"},{"tag":"Velocity and fuel volume fraction distribution"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: IP24NBGN
data:
  {"key":"IP24NBGN","version":467,"data":{"key":"IP24NBGN","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Evaporation and combustion of multicomponent fuel droplets","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tomoaki","lastName":"Kitano"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jun","lastName":"Nishio"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ryoichi","lastName":"Kurose"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Satoru","lastName":"Komori"}],"abstractNote":"The effects of difference in fuel components on the droplet evaporation and combustion are numerically investigated. Jet-A is used as liquid fuel, and one (n-decane)-, two (n-decane and 1,2,4-trimethyl-benzene)- and three (n-dodecane, iso-octane and toluene)-component fuels are used as the surrogate fuels of Jet-A. The results show that the evaporation of the three-component surrogate fuel becomes faster and slower than those of the one- and two-component surrogate fuels in the initial and subsequent evaporating periods, respectively. The differences in the gas temperature evolution among these three different surrogate fuels are remarkable right after the ignition, but become small with time. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"136","issue":"","pages":"219–225","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.045","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.045","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0010-2180\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Combustion"},{"tag":"Droplet evaporation"},{"tag":"High pressure"},{"tag":"Multicomponent fuel"},{"tag":"Numerical simulation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: KJTJQB6F
data:
  {"key":"KJTJQB6F","version":467,"data":{"key":"KJTJQB6F","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Mathematical Modeling and Simulation","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Nguyen V M","lastName":"Man"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D","lastName":"Ph"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: RJXA8PNY
data:
  {"key":"RJXA8PNY","version":467,"data":{"key":"RJXA8PNY","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Validating Non-Reacting Spray Cases with KIVA-3V and OpenFoam","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sarangarajan","lastName":"Vijayraghavan Iyengar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chi-Wei","lastName":"Tsang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Christopher","lastName":"Rutland"}],"abstractNote":"In this work non-reacting spray simulations are performed using two Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes, KIVA and OpenFoam. The metric used is the liquid tip penetration which is compared with experimental data from the Engine Combustion Network at Sandia National Laboratories. Some important spray sub-models, available in KIVA, are implemented in OpenFOAM so that the two codes have more common models. In addition, model coefficients and computations cells used in the simulations are the same in both codes. The differences in spray source terms formulations and other spray sub models between the codes and their effect on liquid penetration are discussed.","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2013-01-1595","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1595","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: S9X765BR
data:
  {"key":"S9X765BR","version":467,"data":{"key":"S9X765BR","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"In vivo study of a polymeric glucose-sensitive insulin delivery system using a rat model.","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M Joan","lastName":"Taylor"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sangeeta","lastName":"Tanna"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tarsem","lastName":"Sahota"}],"abstractNote":"This study assesses the feasibility of an intraperitoneal (IP) implantable closed-loop insulin delivery device in rats, that delivers insulin via a glucose-sensitive material such that blood glucose (BG) levels are adjusted automatically to within normal tolerances. A gateway layer of this gel governs the output of insulin from an insulin reservoir device for IP implant. The performance of the system was compared over time in diabetic rats with a control system using oral glucose challenges and daily assessments of BG and body weight. The automated response of the active system was quantified using IP multiple dose injection (MDI) results in the same rat model. Successful control was found for the device containing active gel when assessed daily and when challenged with large glucose doses. This was not found when comparing an inactive gel analog as a control. The regimen was quantified by comparison with the informative MDI study. The device was well tolerated and might operate to further advantage when vascular omentum grows into the perforated front of the device. The successful device must have been outputting approximately 0.5 U/kg/h basal with 2 U/kg boosts in order to match the demand of the challenges. However, the device eventually exhausts and a refill mechanism needs to be devised in future models.","publicationTitle":"Journal of pharmaceutical sciences","volume":"99","issue":"10","pages":"4215–4227","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1002/jps","ISSN":"1520-6017","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 9131852955\n_eprint: z0024\nPMID: 20737629","tags":[{"tag":"albumin"},{"tag":"dynamic"},{"tag":"fluorescence spectroscopy"},{"tag":"interaction"},{"tag":"light scattering"},{"tag":"metry"},{"tag":"nephelo-"},{"tag":"protein aggregation"},{"tag":"protein formulation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: 6Y8D6BE4
data:
  {"key":"6Y8D6BE4","version":467,"data":{"key":"6Y8D6BE4","version":467,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"High-pressure oxidation of ethane","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hamid","lastName":"Hashemi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jon G","lastName":"Jacobsen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Christian T","lastName":"Rasmussen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jakob M","lastName":"Christensen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Glarborg"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sander","lastName":"Gersen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Martijn Van","lastName":"Essen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Howard B","lastName":"Levinsky"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Stephen J","lastName":"Klippenstein"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"182","issue":"","pages":"150–166","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.03.028","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.03.028","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Ethane"},{"tag":"High pressure"},{"tag":"Ignition"},{"tag":"Reaction kinetics"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: 3FLJY9MP
data:
  {"key":"3FLJY9MP","version":466,"data":{"key":"3FLJY9MP","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Lean Hydrogen Flame Deflagration Velocities and Flammability Limits Reacting Navier-Stokes Conservation Equations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Forman A","lastName":"Williams"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: MGMVT3IZ
data:
  {"key":"MGMVT3IZ","version":466,"data":{"key":"MGMVT3IZ","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical simulation of syngas combustion with a multi-spark ignition system in a diesel engine adapted to work at the Otto cycle","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"B.","lastName":"Gamiño"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J.","lastName":"Aguillón"}],"abstractNote":"This work focuses on the construction of a 2D dynamic model, taking into consideration the turbulent flux combustion reactions of syngas inside a combustion chamber and its displacement through the cylinder of a diesel engine model OM 447 LA converted to Otto cycle operation. The engine has a multi-spark ignition system. The geometry of both the chamber and cylinder is symmetric to a radius of 0.064 m and to a length of 0.17595 m. The simulation is carried out on only half of the system, with a premixed supply of the syngas and air. The supply temperature of the mixture is 336 K. The supply relation air/syngas ratio is 1.1:1, and the supply pressure of the mixture is 1 bar. The gaseous phase is modeled as a multi-component mixture comprised of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2). The study describes a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) numerical model, in which the conservation of matter, motion and energy equations are solved; in addition, sub-models are used to represent the turbulence intensity and the multiple reactions. The model predicts the profiles of syngas speed, temperature, chemical composition, pressure, and turbulence intensity for the gases when the working parameters and the supply characteristics are modified (air-syngas ratio, initial temperature of the mixture, initial pressure, compression ratio, and engine speed). The equation formulation is elliptic staggered. The result is a simple nonlinear map that resolves combustion time sequences using the commercial code CFD in PHOENICS. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"89","issue":"3","pages":"581–591","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2009.06.030","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.06.030","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"2D models"},{"tag":"CFD PHOENICS"},{"tag":"Combustion process simulation"},{"tag":"Internal combustion engines"},{"tag":"Syngas combustion"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:20Z"}}


key: WGLLG9RG
data:
  {"key":"WGLLG9RG","version":466,"data":{"key":"WGLLG9RG","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Burning velocity and Markstein length blending laws for methane / air and hydrogen / air blends","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D","lastName":"Bradley"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M","lastName":"Lawes"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R","lastName":"Mumby"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"187","issue":"","pages":"268–275","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2016.09.032","ISSN":"0016-2361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.09.032","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Authors","tags":[{"tag":"laminar burning velocity"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: 84PDPV37
data:
  {"key":"84PDPV37","version":466,"data":{"key":"84PDPV37","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Investigation of Substitution Limits and Emissions of an In-Line Six Cylinder Diesel-Natural Gas Dual Fuel Engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Robert H","lastName":"Mitchell"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Daniel B","lastName":"Olsen"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"dual fuel"},{"tag":"natural gas"},{"tag":"substitution limits"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: 5G9XCQ8N
data:
  {"key":"5G9XCQ8N","version":466,"data":{"key":"5G9XCQ8N","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"CFD simulations using the TDAC method to model iso-octane combustion for a large range of ozone seeding and temperature conditions in a single cylinder HCCI engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Francesco","lastName":"Contino"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jean Baptiste","lastName":"Masurier"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fabrice","lastName":"Foucher"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tommaso","lastName":"Lucchini"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gianluca","lastName":"D'Errico"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Philippe","lastName":"Dagaut"}],"abstractNote":"While HCCI engines have many advantages such as better efficiency and lower emissions, the control of these engines is still complex. In this context, cycle-to-cycle control using oxidizing species such as ozone (O3) presents a good potential. Only 1 ppm of O3 has already a significant impact on the ignition. Predicting this effect as well as the low temperature combustion and ignition generally requires a detailed mechanism. Using CFD simulations with the Tabulation of Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry (TDAC) method and a mechanism including more than 1000 chemical species, we have predicted the effect of ozone seeding on the combustion of iso-octane in a HCCI engine. This paper presents the validation of the CFD simulations with a large range of ozone concentration and initial temperature. It shows that the TDAC method is able to reproduce accurately such complex chemical phenomena accounting for heat transfer and chemical reactions in a real geometry. ?? 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"137","issue":"","pages":"179–184","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.084","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.084","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Computational Fluid Dynamics"},{"tag":"Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition"},{"tag":"Iso-octane"},{"tag":"Ozone"},{"tag":"Tabulation of Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: 66NXMPJV
data:
  {"key":"66NXMPJV","version":466,"data":{"key":"66NXMPJV","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effects of split injection proportion and the second injection time on the mixture formation in a GDI engine under catalyst heating mode using stratified charge strategy","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhaolei","lastName":"Zheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xuefeng","lastName":"Tian"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiaoyu","lastName":"Zhang"}],"abstractNote":"Abstract The effects of split injection proportion and start of injection for the second injection event (SOI2) are investigated with multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics in a gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engine under catalyst heating mode using stratified stoichiometric charge strategy. Results show that when the injection timing is fixed, the equivalence ratio in the spark plug at ignition time decreases with the decrease in the second injection proportion. The homogeneity of the overall mixtures increases at the same time. The 25%-75% case can form an ideal ignitable mixture and exhibits good combustion performance, which results in rapid catalyst light-off and low soot emissions. NO emissions are relatively high but can be addressed by a three-way catalyst. When the split injection proportion is fixed, the cases with SOI2 of 610°CA, 620°CA, 630°CA, and 660°CA can form an ideal mixture at ignition time. The cases with SOI2 of 610°CA and 620°CA produce a more homogeneous mixture and thus exhibit better combustion performance; however, the detonation tendency is obvious. The mixture of the case with SOI2 of 630°CA is more homogeneous than that of the case with SOI2 of 660°CA. The former exhibits better combustion performance and has a lower amount of soot emission. Although the NO emissions of 630°CA SOI2 are slightly high, it contributes to rapid catalyst light-off. Therefore, 630°CA is the ideal SOI2 in the present conditions.","publicationTitle":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"84","issue":"","pages":"237–245","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.03.041","ISSN":"13594311","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.03.041","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"GDI"},{"tag":"SOI2"},{"tag":"Split injection proportion"},{"tag":"Stratified stoichiometric charge"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: ZE6I7M3A
data:
  {"key":"ZE6I7M3A","version":466,"data":{"key":"ZE6I7M3A","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Optimization of injection strategy to reduce fuel consumption for stoichiometric diesel combustion","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Daesik","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sungwook","lastName":"Park"}],"abstractNote":"In the present study, optimization of engine operating conditions was performed to reduce fuel consumption for stoichiometric diesel combustion. Microgenetic algorithms were used, and variations of injection strategy, spray included angle, and initial conditions (such as temperature and pressure) were evaluated. The KIVA code, coupled with the Chemkin chemistry solver, was used for three-dimensional CFD modeling, and the ignition and combustion processes were modeled using a reduced n-heptane mechanism. The KIVA code in use was verified against pressure histories and emissions for stoichiometric diesel combustion obtained experimentally. Optimized engine operating conditions for minimum fuel consumption were found at the 43rd generation. The optimized case includes 50-50% split injection, reduced spray included for reduction of unburned HC in crevices, and lower oxygen concentration to retard combustion phasing. This optimization yielded an 11.8% improvement in fuel consumption, along with simultaneous reductions of soot, NOx, CO, and HC. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"93","issue":"","pages":"229–237","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2011.08.067","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.08.067","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Genetic algorithm"},{"tag":"KIVA code"},{"tag":"Optimization of injection strategy"},{"tag":"Stoichiometric diesel combustion"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: DG4DEZRB
data:
  {"key":"DG4DEZRB","version":466,"data":{"key":"DG4DEZRB","version":466,"itemType":"thesis","title":"A Compuational and Experimental Study on Combustion Processes in Natural Gas/Diesel Dual Fuel Engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrew","lastName":"Hockett"}],"abstractNote":"","thesisType":"PhD Thesis","university":"Colorado State University","place":"","date":"2015","numPages":"","language":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: HUZ45FBW
data:
  {"key":"HUZ45FBW","version":466,"data":{"key":"HUZ45FBW","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"E ff ects of natural gas injection timing and split pilot fuel injection strategy on the combustion performance and emissions in a dual-fuel engine fueled with diesel and natural gas","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bo","lastName":"Yang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ke","lastName":"Zeng"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"168","issue":"February","pages":"162–169","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2018.04.091","ISSN":"0196-8904","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.04.091","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"Dual-fuel"},{"tag":"Emissions"},{"tag":"Natural gas injection timing"},{"tag":"Performance"},{"tag":"Split pilot fuel injection"},{"tag":"natural gas injection timing"},{"tag":"split pilot fuel injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: TTNCVDV8
data:
  {"key":"TTNCVDV8","version":466,"data":{"key":"TTNCVDV8","version":466,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Combustion theory and modeling","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J.","lastName":"Buckmaster"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P.","lastName":"Clavin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Li????n"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"Matalon"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N.","lastName":"Peters"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G.","lastName":"Sivashinsky"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F. A.","lastName":"Williams"}],"abstractNote":"In honor of the fiftieth anniversary of the Combustion Institute, we are asked to assess accomplishments of theory in combustion over the past fifty years and prospects for the future. The title of our article is chosen to emphasize that development of theory necessarily goes hand-in-hand with specification of a model. Good conceptual models underlie successful mathematical theories. Models and theories are discussed here for deflagrations, detonations, diffusion flames, ignition, propellant combustion, and turbulent combustion. In many of these areas, the genesis of mathematical theories occurred during the past fifty years, and in all of them significant advances are anticipated in the future. Increasing interaction between theory and computation will aid this progress. We hope that, although certainly not complete in topical coverage or reference citation, the presentation may suggest useful directions for future research in combustion theory.","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","volume":"30","issue":"1","pages":"1–19","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.proci.2004.08.280","ISSN":"15407489","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1364783060071","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: U3CJG4N3
data:
  {"key":"U3CJG4N3","version":465,"data":{"key":"U3CJG4N3","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Rate Constants for H + CH 4 , CH 3 + H 2 , and CH 4 Dissociation at High Temperature","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J W","lastName":"Sutherland"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M","lastName":"Su"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J V","lastName":"Michael"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2001","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: NFN3EFLI
data:
  {"key":"NFN3EFLI","version":465,"data":{"key":"NFN3EFLI","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Examination of combustion characteristics and phasing strategies of a natural gas HCCI engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Seref","lastName":"Soylu"}],"abstractNote":"Controlling autoignition timing over a wide range of speeds and loads is challenging. Overcoming this challenge in practical HCCI engines requires an improved understanding of the in-cylinder processes and how these processes can be favorably altered by various control techniques. In the current study, a zero-dimensional thermodynamic model that contains a simple heat release sub-model and an autoignition model was used in a predictive fashion to better understand the in-cylinder processes and the efficiency potential of a natural gas engine in the HCCI mode. The model was also used for parametric studies to evaluate HCCI control strategies that can be tested on the research engine. The results indicated that if the initial conditions of the mixture are known precisely at intake valve closing, the autoignition timing is controllable. A thermal efficiency close to 0.45 is possible with an IMEP range from 4 to 5 bar for the described engine, also.","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"46","issue":"1","pages":"101–119","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2004.02.013","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: 85EK6KGC
data:
  {"key":"85EK6KGC","version":465,"data":{"key":"85EK6KGC","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Fuel injection and combustion study by the combination of mass flow rate and heat release rate with single and multiple injection strategies","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ziman","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Miroslaw L.","lastName":"Wyszynski"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hongming","lastName":"Xu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Nik Rosli","lastName":"Abdullah"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jakub","lastName":"Piaszyk"}],"abstractNote":"The injection and combustion characteristics are complicated when split injection strategy is used due to strong interaction between splits. Various injection tests were carried out with long tube real-time fuel flow measuring instrument by employing both single and split injection strategies. Many engine tests with selected operation points (various pilot injection quantities, various injection dwells and various numbers of split injections) were also carried out with split injection strategy, enabling the combination of mass flow rate (MFR) and heat release rate (HRR) information to study combustion features. The results showed that raised injection pressure shortened the injection delay and increased the MFR. The actual injection duration was much longer than the TTL duration. More importantly, for multiple injections, the interaction between splits was dominated by the duration of the first split and injection intervals. The number of splits also exerted profound influence on the interaction. In addition, higher MFR for pilot injection near the piston TDC adversely affected the HRR and normalized combustion efficiency. Increased split injections with low MFR can effectively lower the peak HRR thus reducing the maximum temperature and NOxemissions.","publicationTitle":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"132","issue":"","pages":"118–132","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.11.024","ISSN":"03783820","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.11.024","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier B.V.","tags":[{"tag":"Heat release rate"},{"tag":"Long tube measuring system"},{"tag":"Mass flow rate"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: QAURA3X6
data:
  {"key":"QAURA3X6","version":465,"data":{"key":"QAURA3X6","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Combustion and emission characteristics of a natural gas-fueled diesel engine with EGR","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M M","lastName":"Abdelaal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A H","lastName":"Hegab"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"64","issue":"","pages":"301–312","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.021","ISSN":"0196-8904","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.021","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:19Z"}}


key: FYU29PQL
data:
  {"key":"FYU29PQL","version":465,"data":{"key":"FYU29PQL","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A Level Set Based Flamelet Model for the Prediction of Combustion in Spark Ignition Engines Unsteady Premixed Combustion Model","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jens","lastName":"Ewald"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Norbert","lastName":"Peters"}],"abstractNote":"A Flamelet Model based on the Level Set approach for turbulent premixed combustion is presented. The original model [11, 12] is enhanced in order to consistently model the evolution of the premixed flame from laminar into a fully developed turbulent flame. This is accomplished by establishing a linear relationship between the thickness of the turbulent flame brush and the turbulent burning velocity. Starting from there a model for the initial flame propagation of a spherical spark kernel immediately after ignition and for the flame propagation in 3D space is derived. In contrast to other models, the same physical modeling assumptions are employed for the phase initially after spark ignition and for the later phases of flame propagation. The model is applied to a test case in an homogeneous charge Spark Ignition (SI) engine.","publicationTitle":"International Multidimensional Engine Modeling User's Group Meeting","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: RSQAXTQA
data:
  {"key":"RSQAXTQA","version":465,"data":{"key":"RSQAXTQA","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Modeling the disintegration of modulated liquid jets using volume-of-fluid (VOF) methodology","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Vedanth","lastName":"Srinivasan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Abraham J.","lastName":"Salazar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kozo","lastName":"Saito"}],"abstractNote":"In this study, we present the numerical investigations on the effect of finite velocity modulations imposed on an otherwise unperturbed cylindrical liquid jet issuing into stagnant gas. Sinusoidal velocity fluctuations of finite frequency and amplitude are imposed at the liquid jet inlet and the resulting liquid jet surface deformation is captured using a volume of fluid (VOF) methodology, utilizing compressive interface capturing scheme for arbitrary meshes (CICSAM) scheme. Variation of the simulation parameters, comprising of the mean liquid jet velocity, modulation amplitude and frequency grouped together using a set of non-dimensional parameters, leads to the formation of a wide gamut of reproducible liquid structures such as waves, upstream/downstream directed bells, chains of droplets similar to those observed in experiments. Elaborate tests on the effect of injection velocity and inlet jet diameter are investigated to characterize the breakup process. The computations efficiently capture the diverse flow structures generated by the evolving modulated liquid jet inclusive of several non-linear dynamics such as growth of surface waves, ligament interaction with shear vortices and its subsequent thinning process. The simulations identify the deterministic behavior of modulated liquid jets to predict liquid disintegration modes under given set of non-dimensional parameters. ?? 2011 Elsevier Inc.","publicationTitle":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"35","issue":"8","pages":"3710–3730","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.apm.2011.01.040","ISSN":"0307904X","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2011.01.040","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0307-904X\nPublisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Break up"},{"tag":"CFD"},{"tag":"Droplets"},{"tag":"OpenFoam"},{"tag":"Spray"},{"tag":"Volume of fluid"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: Q5E3X8IW
data:
  {"key":"Q5E3X8IW","version":465,"data":{"key":"Q5E3X8IW","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics Transient Pressure Effects in the Evolution Equation for Premixed Flame Fronts","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D","lastName":"Keller"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N","lastName":"Peters"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"141–159","date":"1994","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: YNQ2GZLW
data:
  {"key":"YNQ2GZLW","version":465,"data":{"key":"YNQ2GZLW","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Particulate suspension blood flow through a narrow catheterized artery","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"V. P.","lastName":"Srivastava"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rashmi","lastName":"Srivastava"}],"abstractNote":"The problem of blood flow in a narrow catheterized artery has been investigated using a two-phase macroscopic model of blood (i.e., a suspension of red cells in plasma). It is found that the effective viscosity and the frictional resistance increase with hematocrit. Flow characteristics assume lower magnitudes in catheterized artery as compared to uncatheterized artery for any given set of parameters. Numerical results reveal that the effective viscosity and the increased frictional resistance assume their minimal magnitude and consequently the volumetric flow rate assumes its maximal magnitude during the artery catheterization at the catheter size approximately fifty percent of the artery size. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Computers and Mathematics with Applications","volume":"58","issue":"2","pages":"227–238","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.camwa.2009.01.041","ISSN":"08981221","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2009.01.041","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Catheter"},{"tag":"Effective viscosity"},{"tag":"Erythrocytes"},{"tag":"Flow rate"},{"tag":"Frictional resistance"},{"tag":"Hematocrit"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: 4MNKXPVB
data:
  {"key":"4MNKXPVB","version":465,"data":{"key":"4MNKXPVB","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Large-eddy simulation analysis of the influence of the needle lift on the cavitation in diesel injector nozzles","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jose Maria","lastName":"Desantes"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Francisco Javier","lastName":"Salvador"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Marcos","lastName":"Carreres"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jorge","lastName":"Martinez-Lopez"}],"abstractNote":"© IMechE 2014. The cavitation phenomenon has a strong influence on the internal flow and spray development in diesel injector nozzles. Despite its importance, there are many aspects which still remain unclear, especially for partial needle lifts when the injector is in the opening and closing phases. For that reason, the current paper is focused on the influence of the needle lift on the internal flow in a diesel nozzle. This study was carried out with three-dimensional simulations at a high injection pressure (160 MPa) using a homogeneous equilibrium model implemented in OpenFOAM to model the cavitation phenomenon. The nozzle was simulated with large-eddy simulation methods at six different needle lifts (10 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 75 μm, 100 μm and 250 μm), providing relevant information about the evolution of the internal flow, the turbulence development (the vorticity, the turbulence-cavitation interaction and the turbulent structures) and the flow characteristics in the nozzle outlet (the mass flow, the momentum flux and the effective velocity) with the needle position.","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering","volume":"229","issue":"4","pages":"407–423","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1177/0954407014542627","ISSN":"0954-4070","shortTitle":"","url":"http://pid.sagepub.com/lookup/doi/10.1177/0954407014542627","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"16 june 2014"},{"tag":"21 january 2013"},{"tag":"accepted"},{"tag":"cavitation"},{"tag":"date received"},{"tag":"diesel"},{"tag":"large-eddy simulations"},{"tag":"needle lift"},{"tag":"nozzle"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: YW4HWZ48
data:
  {"key":"YW4HWZ48","version":465,"data":{"key":"YW4HWZ48","version":465,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical simulations of drop impact and spreading on horizontal and inclined surfaces","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Siddhartha F.","lastName":"Lunkad"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Vivek V.","lastName":"Buwa"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K. D P","lastName":"Nigam"}],"abstractNote":"The phenomenon of drop spreading is important to several process engineering applications. In the present work, numerical simulations of the dynamics of drop impact and spreading on horizontal and inclined surfaces were carried out using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. For the horizontal surfaces, the dynamics of impact and spreading of glycerin drops on wax and glass surfaces was investigated for which the experimental measurements were available [??ikalo, ??., Tropea, C., Ganic, E.N., 2005a. Dynamic wetting angle of a spreading droplet. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 29, 795-802; ??ikalo, ??., Tropea, C., Ganic, E.N., 2005b. Impact of droplets onto inclined surfaces. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 286, 661-669]. The influence of surface wetting characteristics was investigated by using static contact angle (SCA) and dynamic contact angle (DCA) models. The dynamics of drop impact and spreading on inclined surfaces and the different regimes of drop impact and spreading process were also investigated. In particular, the effects of surface inclination, surface wetting characteristics, liquid properties and impact velocity on the dynamics of drop impact and spreading were investigated numerically and the results were verified experimentally. It was found that the SCA model can predict the drop impact and spreading behavior in quantitative agreement with the experiments for less wettable surfaces (SCA \\textgreater 90 {ring operator}). However, for more wettable surfaces (SCA \\textless 90 {ring operator}), the DCA observed at initial contact times were order of magnitude higher than SCA values and therefore the DCA model is needed for the accurate prediction of the spreading behavior. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"62","issue":"24","pages":"7214–7224","date":"2007","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ces.2007.07.036","ISSN":"00092509","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0009-2509","tags":[{"tag":"Computational fluid dynamics"},{"tag":"Drop"},{"tag":"Drop impact and spreading"},{"tag":"Dynamic simulation"},{"tag":"Volume of fluid method"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: 5D5Y5ZG7
data:
  {"key":"5D5Y5ZG7","version":464,"data":{"key":"5D5Y5ZG7","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Ignition delay times for jet and diesel fuels: Constant volume spray and gas-phase shock tube measurements","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sean","lastName":"Burden"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Aniket","lastName":"Tekawade"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Matthew A.","lastName":"Oehlschlaeger"}],"abstractNote":"Ignition delay times for conventional and alternative jet and diesel fuels were measured in a constant volume spray combustion chamber and a shock tube in homogenous gas-phase reflected shock experiments. Experiments were performed in the spray environment for injection of liquid fuel sprays into hot air at 1.0, 2.14, and 4.0 MPa and 620–830 K. Shock tube experiments were performed for homogenous stoichiometric fuel/air mixtures at pressures around 2, 4, and 8 MPa and for 660–1310 K. These experiments characterize relative fuel reactivity, the dependence of reactivity on temperature and pressure, and allow for correlation of reactivity under spray and homogenous gas-phase conditions. Important results include the observation of three temperature regimes for reactivity in the shock tube experiments: high- and low-temperature regimes with positive overall activation energy connected by a negative-temperature-coefficient (NTC) regime. While increasing pressure was shown to result in decreasing ignition delay in all regimes, pressure was shown to have an appreciably larger influence in the NTC regime. Spray ignition experiments exhibited decreasing temperature dependence with increasing temperature from the low-temperature regime towards the entrance to the NTC. Fuel reactivity trends from spray ignition experiments, quantified using the derived cetane number (DCN), were found to correlate via a power law relationship with ignition delay times measured in the shock tube at NTC conditions, suggesting that DCN is primarily sensitive to NTC gas-phase chemical kinetic reactivity. The extensive experimental database reported here for jet and diesel fuels at high-pressure engine-like combustion conditions should be valuable for the future development of real fuel chemical kinetic modeling.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"219","issue":"November 2017","pages":"312–319","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.113","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.113","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"Derived cetane number (DCN)"},{"tag":"Diesel fuels"},{"tag":"Ignition delay"},{"tag":"Jet fuels"},{"tag":"Shock tube"},{"tag":"Sprays"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: WCA52RGY
data:
  {"key":"WCA52RGY","version":464,"data":{"key":"WCA52RGY","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Hierarchical and comparative kinetic modeling of laminar fl ame speeds of hydrocarbon and oxygenated fuels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E","lastName":"Ranzi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A","lastName":"Frassoldati"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R","lastName":"Grana"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A","lastName":"Cuoci"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Faravelli"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A P","lastName":"Kelley"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C K","lastName":"Law"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"38","issue":"4","pages":"468–501","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.pecs.2012.03.004","ISSN":"0360-1285","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2012.03.004","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"laminar fl ame speed"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: 6ZY79AZJ
data:
  {"key":"6ZY79AZJ","version":464,"data":{"key":"6ZY79AZJ","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental and numerical study on lean premixed methane – hydrogen – air flames at elevated pressures and temperatures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Erjiang","lastName":"Hu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zuohua","lastName":"Huang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jiajia","lastName":"He"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Haiyan","lastName":"Miao"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"34","issue":"16","pages":"6951–6960","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.06.072","ISSN":"0360-3199","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.06.072","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:18Z"}}


key: ZC4YGUM8
data:
  {"key":"ZC4YGUM8","version":464,"data":{"key":"ZC4YGUM8","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"CFDEM modelling of particle heating and acceleration in cold spraying","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"K. H.","lastName":"Leitz"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M.","lastName":"O'Sullivan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Plankensteiner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T.","lastName":"Lichtenegger"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Pirker"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.","lastName":"Kestler"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L. S.","lastName":"Sigl"}],"abstractNote":"Cold spraying is a promising approach for the processing of refractory metals. A powder material is accelerated and heated in the gas flow of a supersonic nozzle to velocities that are sufficient to obtain cohesion of the particles to a substrate due to plastic deformation. The cohesion behavior of the particles is mainly determined by their velocity and temperature. These are controlled by the pressure and temperature of the gas at the nozzle entrance. A correlation of the process parameters gas pressure and temperature with the particle velocity and temperature is possible based upon numerical simulations. In this contribution a CFDEM simulation model for particle heating and acceleration based on OpenFOAM and LIGGGHTS is presented. CFDEMcoupling combines computational fluid dynamic (CFD) calculation of the gas flow based on the finite volume method with a description of the particles based on the discrete element method (DEM). The predictions of the simulation model are verified based on an analytical description of the cold spray nozzle and validated by experimentally measured particle velocities. Based on this experimental validation the drag model of Koch and Hill appears best suited for a CFDEM modelling of cold spraying.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials","volume":"73","issue":"October 2017","pages":"192–198","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.02.003","ISSN":"22133917","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.02.003","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1166601706\nPublisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"CFDEMcoupling"},{"tag":"Cold spraying"},{"tag":"LIGGGHTS"},{"tag":"OpenFOAM"},{"tag":"Particle acceleration"},{"tag":"Particle heating"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: MLEVAUFY
data:
  {"key":"MLEVAUFY","version":464,"data":{"key":"MLEVAUFY","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Direct numerical simulation of evaporating droplets","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Schlottke"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bernhard","lastName":"Weigand"}],"abstractNote":"A model for the three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of evaporating, deforming droplets in incompressible flow is presented. It is based on the volume-of-fluid method and is therefore capable of capturing very strong deformations. The evaporation rate is computed based on the vapour mass fraction and the PLIC reconstruction of the surface. Emphasis is put on the correct calculation of the velocities of the gaseous and liquid phase at the interface which is very important for cases with high mass transfer rates and thus high Stefan flow. It is accomplished by the use of an iterative algorithm that enforces a divergence constraint in cells containing the interface. Validation comprises a 1D test case for interfacial mass transfer, droplet collisions and oscillations as well as calculation of Sherwood numbers for two different cases of evaporating droplets where low and high mass transfer rates occur. Comparison with data from the literature shows good agreement of the obtained results. The simulation of a strongly deformed water droplet in a flow at a high Reynolds and Weber number is used to demonstrate the capabilities of the presented method. The emerging flow field in the wake of the droplet is very complex and three-dimensional. ?? 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"227","issue":"10","pages":"5215–5237","date":"2008","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.jcp.2008.01.042","ISSN":"00219991","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0021-9991","tags":[{"tag":"DNS"},{"tag":"Deformed droplets"},{"tag":"Evaporation"},{"tag":"Multiphase flow"},{"tag":"Stefan flow"},{"tag":"VOF"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: VYVUPC58
data:
  {"key":"VYVUPC58","version":464,"data":{"key":"VYVUPC58","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development of a reduced n-butanol/biodiesel mechanism for a dual fuel engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xin","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Haifeng","lastName":"Liu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zunqing","lastName":"Zheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mingfa","lastName":"Yao"}],"abstractNote":"A reduced chemical kinetic mechanism of the n-butanol/biodiesel blend was developed for dual fuel engine simulations. The reaction flow analysis reduction method was adopted to lump and remove the unimportant species and the related reactions. The reduced mechanism of n-butanol contains 71 species and 349 reactions. The reduced mechanism of n-butanol was merged into a reduced mechanism of biodiesel to construct a combined mechanism of n-butanol/biodiesel with 171 species and 765 reactions. The combined mechanism was validated against the n-butanol experimental data including ignition delays in shock tubes and the mole fractions of species in a jet-stirred reactor. The n-butanol/biodiesel mechanism was further validated against the engine experiments fuelled with the n-butanol/biodiesel dual fuel under multiple operating conditions. The predicted pressure and the heat release rate profiles, as well as CO, HC, NOx, and soot emissions under various conditions agreed well with the experimental data. Analysis of the interaction of n-butanol/biodiesel during the ignition process shows that the biodiesel produces OH radicals at the low in-cylinder temperature, and the produced OH radicals are consumed by n-butanol to produce HO2 radicals after a consecutive reaction. HO2 radicals are then transformed to H2O2, which dissociate to OH radicals at higher in-cylinder temperature. OH radicals in turn facilitate further consumption of n-butanol/biodiesel dual fuel. Analysis of the evolution of oxygen contained in the fuel molecules indicates that the O atom in the n-butanol molecule ends up in CH2O, which is turned into CO and the O atoms in the biodiesel may also give rise to CO2 directly.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"157","issue":"","pages":"87–96","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.04.053","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.04.053","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Biodiesel"},{"tag":"Dual fuel"},{"tag":"Engine"},{"tag":"Reduced mechanism"},{"tag":"n-Butanol"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: DZYV6LEF
data:
  {"key":"DZYV6LEF","version":464,"data":{"key":"DZYV6LEF","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical study of the impact on high-pressure and evaporating spray behavior of nozzle cavitation at typical diesel engine conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiang","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhiqiang","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wanhua","lastName":"Su"}],"abstractNote":"In order to more accurately reproduce diesel sprays a strategy including measurement of nozzle inlet pressure at the realistic diesel injection condition, modeling of nozzle cavitating flow and detailed coupling of nozzle exit flow and spray was presented, moreover, the validity of this strategy was firstly verified against the quantitative spray data obtained by planar laser induced exciplex fluorescence (PLIEF) technique. Based on the above strategy, the effect of cavitation phenomenon on spray formation at the typical diesel engine condition was further evaluated. The final numerical results mainly clarified that the contribution of cavitation phenomena to primary breakup is quite appreciable, and subsequently the evolution of the high-pressure and evaporating diesel spray structure greatly changes as cavitation occurs inside fuel injection nozzles. Moreover, evaluating the effects of cavitation phenomena on realistic diesel spray cannot be only confined to primary breakup or near-nozzle field.","publicationTitle":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"81","issue":"","pages":"175–182","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2016.12.020","ISSN":"07351933","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2016.12.020","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Cavitation"},{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Liquid phase penetration"},{"tag":"Sauter mean diameter"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: UXDG45PM
data:
  {"key":"UXDG45PM","version":464,"data":{"key":"UXDG45PM","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Split fuel injection and Miller cycle in a large-bore engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Matteo","lastName":"Imperato"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ossi","lastName":"Kaario"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Teemu","lastName":"Sarjovaara"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Martti","lastName":"Larmi"}],"abstractNote":"The upcoming emission legislation for sea-going vessels issued by the international marine organization requires drastic reduction in nitric oxides. A well-known approach for meeting these requirements is to reduce the in-cylinder temperature prior to combustion by using the so-called Miller cycle. However, the mere use of this technique presents the actual limits due to long ignition delay, which occurs when the compression temperature is very low. As a consequence, premixed combustion develops quickly, increasing the local temperature in the combustion chamber and favoring NOx formation. Splitting the fuel injection into a small pilot and a main injection can reduce the magnitude of the premixed combustion and the local in-cylinder temperatures. The work presented here is divided in two parts and is novel by being the first systematic study of split injection combined with Miller cycle in large-bore engines. In its first stage, an extensive study of the injection dwell with two intake valve closings and three timings of the main injection are analyzed. In the second stage, both injection events are shifted later in the power stroke with fixed injection dwell. Overall, the pilot injection reduced the ignition delay but dropped the peak of the premixed combustion only with the most advanced intake valve closing. This improved fuel economy, but provided no advantages as far as emissions are concerned. In addition, while increasing injection dwell reduced NOx emissions, it also increased fuel consumption. The highest achieved NOx reduction was close to 60%, with a small drawback in fuel economy.","publicationTitle":"Applied Energy","volume":"162","issue":"","pages":"289–297","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.041","ISSN":"03062619","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.041","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0306-2619\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel combustion"},{"tag":"Large-bore engine"},{"tag":"Miller cycle"},{"tag":"NOx reduction"},{"tag":"Pilot injection"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: FYQ45RN8
data:
  {"key":"FYQ45RN8","version":464,"data":{"key":"FYQ45RN8","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Study of the effect of ambient vapour concentration on the spray structure of an evaporating n-hexane spray","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Manas Kumar","lastName":"Pal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Shamit","lastName":"Bakshi"}],"abstractNote":"The characteristics of fuel spray is a widely investigated area of research. From these studies the effect of parameters like injection pressure, ambient pressure, temperature, ambient density are well known. Ambient vapour concentration play a crucial role in droplet evaporation. So spray structure can get influenced with ambient vapour concentration through the heating and evaporation process. The present paper deals with this subject. To study the effect of ambient concentration alone, it is important to conduct the experiments at same thermodynamic conditions. This paper presents a methodology in which the spray characteristics can be studied at different ambient concentration of the vapour while maintaining the same ambient pressure, temperature and density. The effect of vapour concentration on spray is presented in terms of spray penetration, cone angle, projected spray area and liquid length for a n-hexane spray. The effects of heating and evaporation of the spray are discussed in the context of available correlation for liquid length.","publicationTitle":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"88","issue":"February","pages":"566–575","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.07.013","ISSN":"08941777","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.07.013","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0894-1777\nPublisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"Spray evaporation"},{"tag":"n-Hexane spray"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: TVBLDCEK
data:
  {"key":"TVBLDCEK","version":464,"data":{"key":"TVBLDCEK","version":464,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Simulations of a micro-liter fuel ignition tester","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S","lastName":"Lapointe"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"I","lastName":"Schoegl"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C","lastName":"Druzgalski"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M","lastName":"Mcnenly"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Simon","lastName":"Lapointe"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ingmar","lastName":"Schoegl"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Clara","lastName":"Druzgalski"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Matthew","lastName":"Mcnenly"}],"abstractNote":"A millimeter-scale flow reactor consisting of a cylindrical tube with a controlled tem-perature profile is studied through numerical simulations. Stable flames are observed at high and low velocity regimes and non-stationary dynamic flames (with repetitive extinction and ignition) are observed at moderate velocity regimes. The focus is placed on the dynamic flames since the cyclic ignition/extinction behavior is expected to be sensitive to both chemical kinetics and transport. A fast, one-dimensional, unsteady flame solver designed to handle large chemical mechanisms and different transport models is used. Computations are performed to compare four different transport models of varying complexity and computational cost: constant Lewis numbers, mixture-averaged diffusion coefficients excluding thermal diffusion, mixture-averaged diffusion coefficients including thermal diffusion, and multi-component species diffusion including thermal diffusion. The simula-tions are compared to recent experimental results for varying flow velocities and different gaseous fuels.","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"microscale combustion"},{"tag":"numerical simu-lations"},{"tag":"premixed flames"},{"tag":"unsteady laminar flames"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: U5L62RDW
data:
  {"key":"U5L62RDW","version":463,"data":{"key":"U5L62RDW","version":463,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Potential Natural Gas Impact on Cost Efficient Capacity Planning for Automakers and Electricity Generators in a Carbon Constrained World","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Boxiao","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yan","lastName":"Fu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Margaret","lastName":"Strumolo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiuli","lastName":"Chao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Tamor"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"8","issue":"3","pages":"","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2015-01-0466","ISSN":"1946-3987","shortTitle":"","url":"http://papers.sae.org/2015-01-0466/","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: GYV7EPZA
data:
  {"key":"GYV7EPZA","version":463,"data":{"key":"GYV7EPZA","version":463,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Models for Combustion and Formation of Nitric Oxide and Soot in Direct Injection Diesel Engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H","lastName":"Hiroyasu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Kadota"}],"abstractNote":"A mathematical model was developed for predicting the concentration of exhaust nitric oxide, soot and other emissions in a direct injection diesel engine. In the model, it was emphasized to describe the phenomena occurring in the combustion chamber from the microscopic point of view. The prediction was based on the knowledges concerning a single droplet as well as the droplet size distribution in a fuel spray and the spatial and temporal distribution histories of fuel in a combustion chamber. The heterogeneous field of temperature and equivalence ratio, and uniform pressure in the cylinder were postulated. The heat release model gives the burning rate of injected fuel and pressure and temperature history in the cylinder. The concentration of nitric oxide and soot in the cylinder was predicted by the emission formation model. In order to confirm the validity of the theoretical analysis, the calculated results were compared with the experimental results for typical direct injection diesel engine.","publicationTitle":"SAE International","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"513–526","date":"1976","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/760129","ISSN":"0148-7191","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"PMID: 760129","tags":[{"tag":"2015"},{"tag":"by universiti teknologi malaysia"},{"tag":"june 15"},{"tag":"monday"},{"tag":"nloaded from sae international"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:17Z"}}


key: LLN59AJH
data:
  {"key":"LLN59AJH","version":463,"data":{"key":"LLN59AJH","version":463,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Modeling Ignition and Combustion in Spark- Ignition Engines Using a Level Set Method","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhichao","lastName":"Tan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rolf D","lastName":"Reitz"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE Paper","volume":"","issue":"724","pages":"","date":"2003","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2003-01-0722","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z"}}


key: E79KI7HI
data:
  {"key":"E79KI7HI","version":463,"data":{"key":"E79KI7HI","version":463,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development and Validation of Power Performance Prediction Chart for Conversion of Diesel Engine to Dual Fuel Engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Avinash","lastName":"Kolekar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sagar","lastName":"Laddha"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Suneet","lastName":"Singh"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Anuradda","lastName":"Ganesh"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sudarshan","lastName":"Kumar"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2014-01-1316.Copyright","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z"}}


key: 7BWWG648
data:
  {"key":"7BWWG648","version":463,"data":{"key":"7BWWG648","version":463,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Mixed-mode homogeneous charge compression ignition-direct injection combustion on common rail diesel engines: An experimental characterization","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F","lastName":"Chiara"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M","lastName":"Canova"}],"abstractNote":"In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the study of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) for automotive diesel engines, due to its potential to lower NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions. However, controlling the combustion process and engineering a mixture preparation method that does not require significant modifications to the engine hardware are still significant barriers to a vehicle implementation. In this scenario, external mixture formation, performed through a diesel fuel atomizer, is a simple and reliable method to obtain a truly homogeneous charge, resulting in ultra-low NOxand negligible PM formation. This technology does not require any modification to the engine compression ratio or to the fuel direct injection (DI) system. The possibility of combining two separate fuelling systems allows for mixed-mode HCCI-DI combustion, where a diesel-type combustion is induced during HCCI operations, increasing the IMEP and the output engine torque. This would allow for a seamless transition from HCCI to conventional DI mode at high load, while retaining the HCCI combustion benefits on emissions at part-load engine operating conditions. Building on preliminary experimental results proving the feasibility and benefits of the HCCI combustion with external mixture preparation on a high-speed common rail diesel engine, the proposed work aims at extending the HCCI combustion characterization, in order to define an engine operating region for its application. Then, mixed-mode HCCI-DI operations were investigated as a strategy to overcome the IMEP limitations of pure HCCI combustion. The analysis of HCCI-DI combustion aims at studying the effect of important control parameters, such as EGR ratio and direct injection timing, on combustion and emissions, showing the effects of partial HCCI combustion at higher engine loads. © 2009 IMechE.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Engine Research","volume":"10","issue":"2","pages":"81–96","date":"2009-04","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1243/14680874JER02609","ISSN":"14680874","shortTitle":"","url":"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1243/14680874JER02609","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel engines"},{"tag":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition"},{"tag":"Internal combustion engines"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z"}}


key: 2UQDUWHL
data:
  {"key":"2UQDUWHL","version":463,"data":{"key":"2UQDUWHL","version":463,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Quasi-DNS capabilities of OpenFOAM for different mesh types","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ed","lastName":"Komen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Afaque","lastName":"Shams"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Leonardo","lastName":"Camilo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Barry","lastName":"Koren"}],"abstractNote":"Experimental limitations for certain nuclear reactor safety applications have pushed forward the demand for high fidelity DNS reference solutions for complex geometric configurations such as a T-junction or a spherical pebble bed. The application of traditional high-order DNS codes is limited to simple flow domains such as a periodic box or channel. As a possibility to create reference DNS solutions for more complex geometries, we have assessed the (quasi-)DNS capabilities of the OpenFOAM finite volume CFD solver for both structured hexahedral meshes and arbitrary polyhedral meshes. The feasibility of (quasi-)DNS analyses on polyhedral grids is of main interest, since this may offer the possibility to significantly expand the availability of (quasi-)DNS-quality data on arbitrarily complex geometries. In order to have a basis for the considered assessment, the mutual differences between generally recognized reference DNS data bases for turbulent channel and pipe flows are determined first. Subsequently, the differences between these reference DNS solutions and the present OpenFOAM (quasi-)DNS solutions are quantified for the considered mesh types. We use an existing finite volume CFD method and well known turbulent channel and pipe flow DNS reference cases for the assessments in this paper. New in this paper are the application of this CFD method to (quasi-)DNS analyses using arbitrary polyhedral meshes, and the quantification of respectively the mutual differences between generally recognized reference DNS data bases and the differences between the obtained OpenFOAM (quasi-)DNS data and these reference DNS data bases.Based on the presented assessment, it is observed that the differences between the OpenFOAM solutions and the considered reference DNS solutions are practically the same as the mutual differences between these reference DNS solutions when structured hexahedral meshes are used. Furthermore, it is observed that the differences as obtained by OpenFOAM on extruded polyhedral meshes are practically the same as those obtained for the structured hexahedral meshes. In contrast, the full polyhedral mesh shows somewhat larger differences near the peaks in the rms velocity profiles, whereas the differences in the bulk flow are again practically the same as those for the hexahedral grids. ?? 2014 Elsevier Ltd.","publicationTitle":"Computers and Fluids","volume":"96","issue":"","pages":"87–104","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.02.013","ISSN":"00457930","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.02.013","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 9789512286348\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Channel flows"},{"tag":"Complex geometries"},{"tag":"DNS"},{"tag":"OpenFOAM"},{"tag":"Polyhedral cells"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:16Z"}}


key: W7VBEVCB
data:
  {"key":"W7VBEVCB","version":494,"data":{"key":"W7VBEVCB","version":494,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental investigation concerning the effect of natural gas percentage on performance and emissions of a DI dual fuel diesel engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R. G.","lastName":"Papagiannakis"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D. T.","lastName":"Hountalas"}],"abstractNote":"During the last years a great effort has been made to reduce pollutant emissions from direct injection (DI) diesel engines. Towards this, engineers have proposed various solutions, one of which is the use of gaseous fuels as a supplement for liquid diesel fuel. These engines, which use conventional diesel fuel and gaseous fuel, are referred to as dual fuel engines. The main aspiration from the usage of dual fuel (liquid and gaseous one) combustion systems is mainly to reduce particulate emissions and nitrogen oxides. One of the gaseous fuels used is natural gas, which has a relatively high auto ignition temperature and moreover is an economical and clean burning fuel. The high auto ignition temperature of natural gas is a serious advantage against other gaseous fuels since the compression ratio of most conventional DI diesel engines can be maintained. Moreover the combustion of natural gas produces practically no particulates since natural gas contains less dissolved impurities (e.g. sulfur compounds). The present contribution is mainly concerned, with an experimental investigation of the characteristics of dual fuel operation when liquid diesel is partially replaced with natural gas under ambient intake temperature in a DI diesel engine. Results are given revealing the effect of liquid fuel percentage replacement by natural gas on engine performance and emissions. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"23","issue":"3","pages":"353–365","date":"2003","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/S1359-4311(02)00187-4","ISSN":"13594311","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1359-4311","tags":[{"tag":"Dual fuel combustion emissions"},{"tag":"Dual fuel diesel engine"},{"tag":"Natural gas"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z"}}


key: GWAQ35AD
data:
  {"key":"GWAQ35AD","version":494,"data":{"key":"GWAQ35AD","version":494,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of EGR on combustion and exhaust emissions in supercharged dual-fuel natural gas engine ignited with diesel fuel","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E","lastName":"Tomita"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Y","lastName":"Harada"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N","lastName":"Kawahara"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A","lastName":"Sakane"}],"abstractNote":"The combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics of a supercharged dual-fuel natural gas engine with a single cylinder were analyzed. We focused on EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) to achieve higher thermal efficiency and lower exhaust emissions. The combustion of diesel fuel (gas oil) as ignition sources was visualized using a high-speed video camera from the bottom of a quartz piston. The luminous intensity and flame decreased as the EGR rate increased. Furthermore, the ignition delay became longer due to the EGR. Characteristics of the combustion and exhaust emissions were investigated with changing EGR rates under supercharged conditions. The indicated mean effective pressure and thermal efficiency decreased with increasing EGR rate. In addition, NOx emissions decreased due to the EGR. In this study two-stage combustion was observed. When two-stage combustion occurred, it was supposed that auto-ignition of compressed natural gas and air mixture occurred during the flame development. However, knocking did not occur. Two-stage combustion occurred under the condition of low EGR rate and advanced injection timing. The indicated mean effective pressure and thermal efficiency increased, during two-stage combustion; however, NOx emissions also increased by a large amount compared to normal combustion. High indicated mean effective pressure, high thermal efficiency, and low NOx emissions were achieved just before the occurrence of two-stage combustion by changing EGR rate and injection timing of diesel fuel. Copyright © 2009 SAE International.","publicationTitle":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"48","issue":"","pages":"3284–3296","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1294","ISSN":"18770428","shortTitle":"","url":"http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1877042812030376{\\%}5Cnhttp://papers.sae.org/2009-01-1832/","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 5117064720","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z"}}


key: 8LSQ3TZ9
data:
  {"key":"8LSQ3TZ9","version":494,"data":{"key":"8LSQ3TZ9","version":494,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Fuel reactivity effects on the efficiency and operational window of dual-fuel compression ignition engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Derek A.","lastName":"Splitter"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rolf D.","lastName":"Reitz"}],"abstractNote":"An experimental engine efficiency study was conducted that explores the effects of direct injected fuel properties on gross thermal efficiency and operational authority as functions of intake pressure and temperature, and equivalence ratios (premixed and global) using the Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) combustion strategy. The experiments were conducted in a heavy-duty single-cylinder engine at constant net IMEP of 8.45 bar, 1300 rev/min engine speed, with 0% EGR, and a CA50 combustion phasing of 0.5 CA ATDC. The engine was port fueled with E85 for the low reactivity fuel and direct injected with either #2 ULSD or 3% 2-ethylhexyl nitrate doped into 91 Anti-Knock Index (AKI) gasoline for the high reactivity fuel. The reactivity of the EHN enhanced fuel has been correlated to an AKI of approximately 56 and a cetane number of approximately 28. Intake pressure and temperature were swept independently of each other while combustion phasing and load were maintained by adjusting the global fuel reactivity and DI fuel timing as needed. The results demonstrate that for fixed cycle thermodynamics, sources of engine inefficiency are functions of the premixed and global equivalence ratios. At extremes in either, excessive losses occur, decreasing the gross thermal efficiency. The study's findings demonstrate that losses can be minimized through proper balancing of the intake pressure and temperature, which are affected by fuel reactivity differences. Specifically, when the reactivity difference between the high and low reactivity fuel streams is reduced, with the EHN + Gas/E85 strategy, the control and effectiveness of the DI fuel is reduced, making combustion more abrupt. To reduce the peak pressure rise rate, leaner conditions were required, and the peak gross thermal efficiency increased. The results demonstrate that through proper optimization of both engine conditions, and fuels, increases in engine efficiency are possible with RCCI. ?? 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"118","issue":"","pages":"163–175","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2013.10.045","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.10.045","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"EHN"},{"tag":"Efficiency"},{"tag":"HCCI"},{"tag":"Optimization"},{"tag":"RCCI"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z"}}


key: LBUWG2BB
data:
  {"key":"LBUWG2BB","version":493,"data":{"key":"LBUWG2BB","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Modelling of Gasoline and Ethanol Hollow-Cone Sprays Using OpenFOAM","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chen","lastName":"Huang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrei","lastName":"Lipatnikov"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE Paper","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"327–344","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2011-01-1896","ISSN":"0148-7191","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z"}}


key: SAL85UVU
data:
  {"key":"SAL85UVU","version":493,"data":{"key":"SAL85UVU","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Nozzle internal flow and spray primary breakup with the application of closely coupled split injection strategy","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ziman","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiaoyu","lastName":"Dai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Feng","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yanfei","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chia Fon","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Han","lastName":"Wu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhishuang","lastName":"Li"}],"abstractNote":"Nozzle internal flow dictates the spray breakup, fragmentation and combustible mixture preparation. The dynamics of nozzle internal flow and the closely followed primary breakup under various injection pressures were studied by employing high-speed microscopic imaging technique. The effects of interaction between split injection by varying dwell interval and distribution of energizing duration between split injections on the nozzle internal flow were also investigated by using multiple injection strategy. It was found that the initial in-nozzle condition and injection pressure governs the spray tip morphology and breakup process through the strength of interaction between liquid fuel and air bubbles. Throttling effect introduced a large cloud of cavitation vapor bubbles at the needle seat during the initial stage and when stage when effective injection pressure is low. During steady flow stage, high pressure suppressed the initiation of cavitation through throttling but enhanced the cavitation generation through flow redirection. When multiple injection strategy is employed, cavitation was overall weakened, especially for flow redirection at the nozzle inlet due to reduced effective injection pressure. The injected fuel mass was reduced, and breakup quality deteriorated significantly, especially under low injection pressure. It is therefore unwise to use closely coupled split injection strategy under low injection pressure. This studied is believed to be useful for injection control and related modeling.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"228","issue":"April","pages":"187–196","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.161","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.161","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"Cavitation"},{"tag":"Nozzle internal flow"},{"tag":"Primary breakup"},{"tag":"Split injection"},{"tag":"Spray"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z"}}


key: 4GUVAFKG
data:
  {"key":"4GUVAFKG","version":493,"data":{"key":"4GUVAFKG","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Macroscopic and microscopic characterization of diesel spray under room temperature and low temperature with split injection","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ziman","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Changzhao","lastName":"Jiang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hongming","lastName":"Xu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Miroslaw L.","lastName":"Wyszynski"}],"abstractNote":"The diesel spray morphology characteristics in the near-field and far-field were studied under both room temperature (RT, 25 °C) and low temperature (LT, - 2 °C) with high speed imaging technique. The microscopic characteristics, namely droplet velocity and droplet size were then investigated with a Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) under the same conditions. Single injection and split-injection strategies were employed. It was found that the increased viscosity under LT caused less injected fuel and obviously poorer dispersion thus smaller spray area and slower penetration compared with RT. Split-injection strategy significantly varied spray characteristics under LT while the raised injection pressure greatly narrowed the difference between split injections caused by this cutting-edge injection strategy. The higher surface tension under LT enabled the droplets to keep stable and retain the spheroidal shape. Consequently, higher droplet velocity and larger size were detected under LT. In addition, strong collision for split injection strategy resulted in larger droplets compared with single injection and LT further deteriorated the poor dispersion.","publicationTitle":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"142","issue":"","pages":"71–85","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.10.007","ISSN":"03783820","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.10.007","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0378-3820\nPublisher: Elsevier B.V.","tags":[{"tag":"Cold condition"},{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Microscopic characteristics"},{"tag":"Split injection"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:48Z"}}


key: F8SQCICY
data:
  {"key":"F8SQCICY","version":493,"data":{"key":"F8SQCICY","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Detailed assessment of diesel spray atomization models using visible and X-ray extinction measurements","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G. M.","lastName":"Magnotti"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C. L.","lastName":"Genzale"}],"abstractNote":"The physical mechanisms characterizing the breakup of a diesel spray into droplets are still unknown. This gap in knowledge has largely been due to the challenges of directly imaging this process or quantitatively measuring the outcomes of spray breakup, such as droplet size. Recent x-ray measurements by Argonne National Laboratory, utilized in this work, provide needed information about the spatial evolution of droplet sizes in selected regions of the spray under a range of injection pressures (50–150 MPa) and ambient densities (7.6–22.8 kg/m3) relevant for diesel operating conditions. Ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) measurements performed at the Advanced Photon Source are presented, which quantify Sauter mean diameters (SMD) within optically thick regions of the spray that are inaccessible by conventional droplet sizing measurement techniques, namely in the near-nozzle region, along the spray centerline, and within the core of the spray. To quantify droplet sizes along the periphery of the spray, a complementary technique is proposed and introduced, which leverages the ratio of path-integrated x-ray and visible laser extinction (SAMR) measurements to quantify SMD. The SAMR and USAXS measurements are then utilized to evaluate current spray models used for engine computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. We explore the ability of a carefully calibrated spray model, premised on aerodynamic wave growth theory, to capture the experimentally observed trends of SMD throughout the spray. The spray structure is best predicted with an aerodynamic primary and secondary breakup process that is represented with a slower time constant and larger formed droplet size than conventionally recommended for diesel spray models. Additionally, spray model predictions suggest that droplet collisions may not influence the resultant droplet size distribution along the spray centerline in downstream regions of the spray.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"97","issue":"","pages":"33–45","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.08.002","ISSN":"03019322","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Droplet sizing measurements"},{"tag":"Engine Combustion Network (ECN)"},{"tag":"Spray breakup modeling"},{"tag":"USAXS"},{"tag":"Visible laser extinction"},{"tag":"X-ray radiography"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: 6VRMBSLR
data:
  {"key":"6VRMBSLR","version":493,"data":{"key":"6VRMBSLR","version":493,"itemType":"conferencePaper","title":"A Simulation Model for the Combustion Process of Natural Gas Engines with Pilot Diesel Fuel as an Ignition Source","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D T","lastName":"Hountalas"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R G","lastName":"Papagiannakis"}],"abstractNote":"","date":"2001","proceedingsTitle":"","conferenceName":"","place":"","publisher":"","volume":"","pages":"","series":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISBN":"2-00-101124-5","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Issue: 724","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: M9V2SL4K
data:
  {"key":"M9V2SL4K","version":493,"data":{"key":"M9V2SL4K","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of n -Butanol Pyrolysis and Combustion","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jianghuai","lastName":"Cai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Lidong","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Feng","lastName":"Zhang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhandong","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhanjun","lastName":"Cheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wenhao","lastName":"Yuan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fei","lastName":"Qi"}],"abstractNote":"n-Butanol pyrolysis in a flow reactor was investigated at the pressures of 5, 30, 80, 200, and 760 Torr. Synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry was used for the identification of pyrolysis species and the measurement of their mole fractions. A detailed kinetic model consisting of 121 species and 658 reactions was developed to simulate the n-butanol pyrolysis. To enhance the accuracy of the model, the rate constants of unimolecular reactions of n-butanol and β-scission reactions of four n-butanol radicals (C4H8OH) were calculated with the variable reaction coordinate–transition-state theory (VRC–TST) and the Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) theory coupled with the master equation method. These rates are very sensitive to the mole fractions of pyrolysis species and have been well-validated by the pyrolysis experiment. The model was further validated by the low-pressure premixed flames at different equivalence ratios, oxidation data from the jet-stirred reactor, and ignition del...","publicationTitle":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"26","issue":"9","pages":"5550–5568","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1021/ef3011965","ISSN":"0887-0624","shortTitle":"","url":"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef3011965{\\#}.VyjHXwc2I8U.mendeley","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: DKFXYV9N
data:
  {"key":"DKFXYV9N","version":493,"data":{"key":"DKFXYV9N","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Ignition delay time measurements in a high repetition rate shock tube","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrew","lastName":"Laich"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Patrick T.","lastName":"Lynch"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"10th US National Meeting on Combustion","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"3A1","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"acetone"},{"tag":"heptane"},{"tag":"hrrst"},{"tag":"isooctane"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: M4GQR3AE
data:
  {"key":"M4GQR3AE","version":493,"data":{"key":"M4GQR3AE","version":493,"itemType":"conferencePaper","title":"Modification of the Turbulent Burning Velocity by Gas Expansion","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N","lastName":"Peters"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H","lastName":"Wenzel"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F A","lastName":"Williams"}],"abstractNote":"Premixed turbulent combustion in the corrugated flamelets regime has been addressed by modeling of a G-equation containing a gas-expansion term, the form of which was derived by generalizing results of Sivashinsky along lines initiated by Frankel. Previous analyses by the first author of the mean, variance, and two-point correlation spectrum of G, as well as their relation to the turbulent burning velocity, were extended to include the influences of gas expansion. It is shown that this effect has the same form as kinematic restoration but acts in the opposite direction. Because of this similarity in form, no new modeling approximations are required. Onaverage, kinematic restoration dominates gas expansion. In physical terms, this means that the energy-containing eddies at the integral scale are strong enough to suppress gas- dynamic instabilities at smaller scales. Gas expansion lessens the smoothing effect of kinematic restoration, thereby increasing the variance ofGand the turbulent flame brush thickness. It also increases the turbulent burning velocity by a factor that increases with increasing ratio of unburned to burned gas density and with decreasing ratio of turbulence intensity to laminar burning velocity. The effect on the burning velocity, however, is not large, remaining less than 40% even as the turbulence intensity begins to decrease below the laminar burning velocity. Introduction","date":"2000","proceedingsTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","conferenceName":"","place":"","publisher":"Combustion Institute","volume":"28","pages":"235–243","series":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISBN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"G-equation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: IMKLFQ9N
data:
  {"key":"IMKLFQ9N","version":493,"data":{"key":"IMKLFQ9N","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"One dimensional numerical simulation for steady annular condensation flow in rectangular microchannels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yongping","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xin","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jiafeng","lastName":"Wu"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"75–82","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1007/s00231-009-0545-2","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: QTD7N9EN
data:
  {"key":"QTD7N9EN","version":493,"data":{"key":"QTD7N9EN","version":493,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Dynamic wetting angle of a spreading droplet","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Š","lastName":"Šikalo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"C.","lastName":"Tropea"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"E. N.","lastName":"Ganić"}],"abstractNote":"The dynamic contact angle is required as a boundary condition for modelling problems in capillary hydrodynamics, including certain stages of the droplet impact problem. The dynamic contact angle differs appreciably from the static advancing or receding values, even at low velocities. This paper presents experimental results of the dynamic contact angle of spreading droplets after impacting on horizontal and inclined surfaces. Droplets of an 85% (vol.) glycerin/water solution (D = 2.45 mm) and water (D = 2.7 mm) were used in the study. Two surfaces, wax (low wettable) and glass (high wettable) are used, to study the effect of surface wettability (static contact angle). The results include the dynamic contact angle of droplets together with the contact line velocity and the dimensionless spread factor as a function of time. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"29","issue":"7 SPEC. ISS.","pages":"795–802","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2005.03.006","ISSN":"08941777","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 08941777","tags":[{"tag":"Drop impact"},{"tag":"Dynamic contact angle"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: BHGDJHYA
data:
  {"key":"BHGDJHYA","version":492,"data":{"key":"BHGDJHYA","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Combustion Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Droplets Induced by Photoignition of Aluminum Nanoparticles","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Alireza","lastName":"Badakhshan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"John W","lastName":"Bennewitz"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Douglas G","lastName":"Talley"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"298","issue":"0704","pages":"","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"burning rate constant"},{"tag":"droplet combustion"},{"tag":"ignition delay"},{"tag":"photoignition"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: 52MJBLGE
data:
  {"key":"52MJBLGE","version":492,"data":{"key":"52MJBLGE","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"CFD modeling of blood flow following coil embolization of aneurysms","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hong Sik","lastName":"Byun"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kyehan","lastName":"Rhee"}],"abstractNote":"In case of coil embolization of a giant or a multilobular aneurysm, it is difficult to fill an aneurysm sac completely with coils, therefore, partial blocking of an aneurysm sac is inevitable. Blood flow characteristics, which may influence embolization process of an aneurysm, are affected by the locations of coils for partially blocked aneurysms. Blood flow fields inside an aneurysm are also influenced by the geometry of a parent vessel. In order to suggest the coil locations effective for aneurysm embolization, the blood flow fields of lateral aneurysm models were analyzed for different coil locations and parent vessel geometries. Flow rate into an aneurysm sac from a parent vessel (inflow rate) and wall shear stress were also calculated. Inflow rates were smaller and low wall shear regions were larger in the distal neck blocked model comparing to the dome blocked models. In the distal neck blocked model, inflow volume was smaller by 31% (straight parent vessel model) and 34% (curved parent vessel model) comparing to other models. The time averaged values of normalized low wall shear regions were 4% and 12% greater in the distal neck blocked models with a straight and a curved parent vessel, respectively. Since smaller inflow and low wall shear stress provide hemodynamic environment promoting thrombus embolization, distal neck should be the effective coil location for aneurysm embolization.","publicationTitle":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"26","issue":"9","pages":"755–761","date":"2004","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.06.008","ISSN":"13504533","shortTitle":"","url":"http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1350453304001134","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1350-4533 (Print)$\\backslash$r1350-4533\nPMID: 15564112","tags":[{"tag":"coil embolization"},{"tag":"hemodynamics"},{"tag":"lateral aneurysm"},{"tag":"numerical analysis"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:47Z"}}


key: TCJT4YFH
data:
  {"key":"TCJT4YFH","version":492,"data":{"key":"TCJT4YFH","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Spray performance and steadiness of an effervescent atomizer and an air- core-liquid-ring atomizer for application in spray drying processes of highly concentrated feeds","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Marco","lastName":"Wittner"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Heike P","lastName":"Karbstein"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Volker","lastName":"Gaukel"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Chemical Engineering & Processing: Process Intensification","volume":"128","issue":"March","pages":"96–102","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.cep.2018.04.017","ISSN":"0255-2701","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2018.04.017","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"ACLR atomizer"},{"tag":"Effervescent atomizer"},{"tag":"High viscous feeds"},{"tag":"Highly concentrated feeds"},{"tag":"Pneumatic atomization"},{"tag":"Spray drying"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: N57J3DFK
data:
  {"key":"N57J3DFK","version":492,"data":{"key":"N57J3DFK","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Finite diffusion wall film evaporation model for engine simulations using continuous thermodynamics","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chia Fon","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Way Lee","lastName":"Cheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dongyao","lastName":"Wang"}],"abstractNote":"The formation of engine pollutants directly relates to the local composition of air/fuel mixture within the combustion chamber. The evaporation of wall film, formed by spray/wall impingement, is much slower than free droplets and has strong effects on engine emission. A finite diffusion wall film evaporation model using continuous thermodynamics is developed for multi-dimensional engine modeling, accounting the multi-component nature of practical fuels, which is essentially a complicated liquid mixture. The vaporization rate is evaluated using the turbulent boundary-layer assumption and a quasi-steady approximation. Third-order polynomials are used to model the fuel composition and the temperature profiles within the liquid phase for accurate predictions of surface properties, which are important for evaluating the mass fraction, moments and heat flux. The governing equations for the film are then reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations and significantly reduce the computational cost while retaining adequate accuracy in the solution. The model is verified against high precision numerical solutions obtained with the finite difference method that solves the governing partial differential equations using a fine grid over the same computational domain. Good agreement is obtained for the evaporation of a film on a flat plate under various conditions. The boiling point of a practical fuel is found to increase steadily with evaporation and may surpass the wall temperature. The evaporation process can therefore be reverted to non-boiling evaporation. This phenomenon is unique to multi-component liquids and not observed during the evaporation process of single component liquids. The presented model, with improved computational efficiency and adequate accuracy, is applicable in multi-dimensional engine simulations. Finally, the model is used for a spray/wall impingement simulation. The results show that the multi-component nature of a practical fuel can have significant implications on the distributions of fuel concentration and composition during the spray/wall interaction. ?? 2009 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","volume":"32 II","issue":"2","pages":"2801–2808","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.087","ISSN":"15407489","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.087","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1540-7489\nPublisher: The Combustion Institute","tags":[{"tag":"Continuous thermodynamics"},{"tag":"Film evaporation"},{"tag":"Multi-component"},{"tag":"Spray modeling"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: CPI2XJIC
data:
  {"key":"CPI2XJIC","version":492,"data":{"key":"CPI2XJIC","version":492,"itemType":"document","title":"G-equation Model with Detailed Chemistry","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Long","lastName":"Liang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Prof Rolf D","lastName":"Reitz"}],"abstractNote":"","publisher":"","date":"","language":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Pages: 679–679\nPublication Title: Fuel","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: 4FRR2SIP
data:
  {"key":"4FRR2SIP","version":492,"data":{"key":"4FRR2SIP","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Diesel nozzle geometry influence on spray liquid-phase fuel penetration in evaporative conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R.","lastName":"Payri"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"F. J.","lastName":"Salvador"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J.","lastName":"Gimeno"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L. D.","lastName":"Zapata"}],"abstractNote":"An experimental study of real multi-hole Diesel nozzles is performed under current DI Diesel engines operating conditions. The aim of the investigation is to study the influence of orifice geometry on the flow at the nozzle exit and to analyse its effect on the spray in evaporative conditions. Special attention is taken in the study of the influence of cavitation on the orifice internal flow and spray development. The spray liquid-phase fuel penetration has been characterized. The visualization was made in a wide optical access engine for different operating conditions. From the measurements, the dependencies of nozzle geometry, injection conditions and ambient conditions on liquid-phase length were studied and analyzed. A model for liquid-phase fuel penetration in diesel sprays based on nozzle flow parameters has been proposed and validated. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"87","issue":"7","pages":"1165–1176","date":"2008","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2007.05.058","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 00162361","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Injection"},{"tag":"Liquid-length"},{"tag":"Momentum flux"},{"tag":"Penetration"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: 2NJRCEX2
data:
  {"key":"2NJRCEX2","version":492,"data":{"key":"2NJRCEX2","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental investigation on spray-wall impingement characteristics of n-butanol/diesel blended fuels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hanzhengnan","lastName":"Yu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xingyu","lastName":"Liang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gequn","lastName":"Shu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yuesen","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hongsheng","lastName":"Zhang"}],"abstractNote":"n-Butanol is one of the most promising conventional fuel alternatives for diesel engines using advanced combustion modes such as homogeneous charge ignition and premixed charge compression ignition. However, effects associated with the structural design of these engines as well as early injection strategies still result unavoidable spray–wall impingement when using n-butanol/diesel blended fuels, which directly affects the combustion and emission characteristics of the diesel engines. The present work therefore investigated the spray–wall impingement characteristics of n-butanol/diesel blended fuels under various environmental conditions and when applying different injection strategies. The parameters that were varied included fuel temperature, environmental temperature and pressure, impingement distance, blending ratio, and the presence or absence of an oil film. The impingement spray radius (Rw) and height (Hw) were obtained experimentally so as to evaluate the impingement characteristics, and the effects of each parameter on Rwand Hwwere assessed. In addition, based on the momentum transition of the impinged spray, the variations in Rwand Hwwere attributed to four factors: the mass and momentum of the impinged spray; the spreading or splashing resistance of the spray, and the strength of air entrainment. The relative effects of each of these factors on Rwand Hwwere examined, and results showed that the spray impingement momentum had the greatest effect on Rw, followed by air entrainment, while the impact of the fuel viscosity and surface tension (or spreading resistance) were limited. However, the effects of spray impingement momentum and air entrainment on Hwwere less pronounced, while the viscosity and surface tension had a greater impact.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"182","issue":"","pages":"248–258","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.115","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.115","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel"},{"tag":"Early injection"},{"tag":"Oil film"},{"tag":"Spray–wall impingement"},{"tag":"n-Butanol"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: 8HW8H35K
data:
  {"key":"8HW8H35K","version":492,"data":{"key":"8HW8H35K","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Professor Norbert Peters (1942–2015)","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Heinz","lastName":"Pitsch"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Forman a.","lastName":"Williams"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"162","issue":"10","pages":"3447–3448","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.08.022","ISSN":"00102180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0010218015002898","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: Y3NXJKIB
data:
  {"key":"Y3NXJKIB","version":492,"data":{"key":"Y3NXJKIB","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development of a Phenomenological Dual-Fuel Natural Gas Diesel Engine Simulation and Its Use for Analysis of Transient Operations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Shuonan","lastName":"Xu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"David","lastName":"Anderson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Amrit","lastName":"Singh"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Hoffman"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Robert","lastName":"Prucka"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zoran","lastName":"Filipi"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE International Journal of Engines","volume":"7","issue":"4","pages":"2014–01–2546","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2014-01-2546","ISSN":"1946-3944","shortTitle":"","url":"http://papers.sae.org/2014-01-2546/","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: BUBAS8JA
data:
  {"key":"BUBAS8JA","version":492,"data":{"key":"BUBAS8JA","version":492,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Performance and emissions of a dual-fuel pilot diesel ignition engine operating on various premixed fuels","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Amin","lastName":"Yousefi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Madjid","lastName":"Birouk"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Benjamin","lastName":"Lawler"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ayatallah","lastName":"Gharehghani"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"106","issue":"","pages":"322–336","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2015.09.056","ISSN":"01968904","shortTitle":"","url":"http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0196890415009012","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: ALPVMBZY
data:
  {"key":"ALPVMBZY","version":491,"data":{"key":"ALPVMBZY","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Fundamental physics of flame development in an autoigniting dual fuel mixture","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhiyan","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"John","lastName":"Abraham"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","volume":"35","issue":"1","pages":"1041–1048","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.proci.2014.06.079","ISSN":"1540-7489","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.06.079","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute","tags":[{"tag":"dual-fuel engines"},{"tag":"ignition in lean mixtures"},{"tag":"lean combustion"},{"tag":"stratified mixtures"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: B7FXB44V
data:
  {"key":"B7FXB44V","version":491,"data":{"key":"B7FXB44V","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Detailed characterization of diesel-ignited propane and methane dual-fuel combustion in a turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Andrew C.","lastName":"Polk"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Charles Michael","lastName":"Gibson"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Nicholas T.","lastName":"Shoemaker"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kalyan Kumar","lastName":"Srinivasan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sundar Rajan","lastName":"Krishnan"}],"abstractNote":"This paper presents an experimental analysis of dual-fuel combustion based on the performance, emissions, and in-cylinder combustion measurements with gaseous propane or gaseous methane as the primary fuel and diesel as the pilot fuel. Two different sets of experiments were performed on a 1.9 litre four-cylinder engine at a constant engine speed of 1800 r/min: first, constant-pilot-quantity experiments, allowing the primary fuel concentration and the brake mean effective pressure to vary; second, constant-brake-mean- effective-pressure experiments, allowing the percentage energy substitution of the primary fuel and the pilot quantity to vary. In the constant-pilot-quantity experiments, the apparent heat release rate profiles showed the influence of the preignition chemistry and gaseous fuel burn rates on the dual-fuel combustion phasing and duration, the fuel conversion efficiency, and the engine-out emissions. With a fixed pilot quantity, the nitrogen oxide emissions were either reduced or unaffected while the smoke levels were increased or unaffected with increasing primary fuel concentration. The carbon monoxide and total unburned hydrocarbon emissions decreased and the fuel conversion efficiency increased as the pilot quantity or the primary fuel concentration was increased. Overall, diesel-propane combustion yielded higher carbon monoxide emissions, lower total unburned hydrocarbon emissions, and slightly higher fuel conversion efficiencies than diesel-methane combustion did. In the constant-brake-mean-effective- pressure experiments, at a brake mean effective pressure of 2.5 bar, diesel-propane and diesel-methane combustion behaved very similarly, the primary differences being in the preignition chemistry and the ignition delay trends. At a brake mean effective pressure of 2.5 bar, the nitrogen oxide and smoke emissions were simultaneously reduced while the carbon monoxide and total unburned hydrocarbon emissions were increased. At a brake mean effective pressure of 10 bar (a baseline diesel fuel conversion efficiency of 38%), diesel-propane fueling was prone to rapid earlier combustion while diesel-methane combustion was slower. For diesel-methane combustion at a brake mean effective pressure of 10 bar, the fuel conversion efficiency decreased to 37.1% as the percentage energy substitution was increased to 51%. For diesel-propane combustion at a brake mean effective pressure of 10 bar, the fuel conversion efficiency increased to 39% as the percentage energy substitution was increased to 46%. At high-brake-mean-effective-pressure-high-percentage- energy-substitution and large-pilot-quantity-high-equivalence-ratio conditions, diesel-propane combustion showed an apparent departure from the classical three-phase dual-fuel combustion to a distributed volumetric combustion process that resembled a \"diesel-regulated homogenous-charge-compression-ignition- like\" combustion process. © 2013 IMechE.","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering","volume":"227","issue":"9","pages":"1255–1272","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1177/0954407013487292","ISSN":"09544070","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0954407013487","tags":[{"tag":"Dual-fuel combustion"},{"tag":"exhaust emissions"},{"tag":"fuel conversion efficiency"},{"tag":"methane"},{"tag":"pilot ignition"},{"tag":"propane"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:46Z"}}


key: W5W8SZZY
data:
  {"key":"W5W8SZZY","version":491,"data":{"key":"W5W8SZZY","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Study on viscosity and surface tension properties of biodiesel-diesel blends and their effects on spray parameters for CI engines","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mithun","lastName":"Das"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mouktik","lastName":"Sarkar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Amitava","lastName":"Datta"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Apurba Kumar","lastName":"Santra"}],"abstractNote":"Biodiesels, prepared from different vegetable oils, have the potential to substitute the petro-diesel fuel in engines for global sustainability. In this work, the biodiesels of castor oil, neem oil and sunflower oil, have been produced in the laboratory by transesterification process and the properties of the prepared fuels are measured and compared against those of diesel. We have focused on the fuel properties that influence the spray formation in the engine cylinder following injection, viz. viscosity and surface tension, at various temperatures. The viscosity and surface tension properties are also measured for blends of diesel and biodiesels at different temperatures and blend ratios. Different correlation functions, both from the literature and newly developed, are used to evaluate the viscosity and surface tension of pure fuels and blends. The properties of the blends predicted from the correlations are compared against the measured values. The deviations in the predicted and measured values are statistically obtained to identify the most suitable correlation for the fuels under consideration. The effects of the variation in the properties of the pure and blended fuels on the spray characteristics, like mean drop diameter and spray cone angle, for compression ignition engines are studied using suitable correlations. The results are used to determine the preheating required in the biodiesel and blended fuels to achieve the identical spray parameters in the engine cylinder as with diesel fuel following injection.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"220","issue":"November 2017","pages":"769–779","date":"2018","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2018.02.021","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.02.021","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[{"tag":"Biodiesel"},{"tag":"Sauter mean diameter"},{"tag":"Spray cone angle"},{"tag":"Surface tension"},{"tag":"Viscosity"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: H6LHZSY7
data:
  {"key":"H6LHZSY7","version":491,"data":{"key":"H6LHZSY7","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical analysis of multicomponent suspension droplets in high-velocity flame spray process","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ebrahim","lastName":"Gozali"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Mahrukh","lastName":"Mahrukh"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sai","lastName":"Gu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Spyros","lastName":"Kamnis"}],"abstractNote":"The liquid feedstock or suspension as a different mixture of liquid fuel ethanol and water is numerically studied in high-velocity suspension flame spray (HVSFS) process, and the results are compared for homogenous liquid feedstock of ethanol and water. The effects of mixture on droplet aerodynamic breakup, evaporation, combustion, and gas dynamics of HVSFS process are thoroughly investigated. The exact location where the particle heating is initiated (above the carrier liquid boiling point) can be controlled by increasing the water content in the mixture. In this way, the particle inflight time in the high-temperature gas regions can be adjusted avoiding adverse effects from surface chemical transformations. The mixture is modeled as a multicomponent droplet, and a convection/diffusion model, which takes into account the convective flow of evaporating material from droplet surface, is used to simulate the suspension evaporation. The model consists of several sub-models that include premixed combustion of propane-oxygen, non-premixed ethanol-oxygen combustion, modeling of multicomponent droplet breakup and evaporation, as well as heat and mass transfer between liquid droplets and gas phase. © 2014 ASM International.","publicationTitle":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"23","issue":"6","pages":"940–949","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1007/s11666-014-0106-1","ISSN":"10599630","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"HVSFS"},{"tag":"multicomponent droplet"},{"tag":"suspension"},{"tag":"thermal spray process"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: 297IZQ27
data:
  {"key":"297IZQ27","version":491,"data":{"key":"297IZQ27","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A Multi-Dimensional CFD-Chemical Kinetics Approach in Detection and Reduction of Knocking Combustion in Diesel-Natural Gas Dual-Fuel Engines Using Local Heat Release Analysis","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A.","lastName":"Maghbouli"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.","lastName":"Shafee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"R.K.","lastName":"Saray"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"W.","lastName":"Yang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"V.","lastName":"Hosseini"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"H.","lastName":"An"}],"abstractNote":"Dual-fuel diesel-natural gas (NG) engine exhibits higher power density and lower specific emissions compared to dedicated diesel engines. However, high intake temperatures, high compression ratios, combined with high engine loads may lead to engine knock. This is potentially a limiting factor on engine downsizing and getting higher power. In the present study, the combustion process under knocking conditions has been investigated in a dual-fuel diesel-NG engine. A comprehensive multi-dimensional simulation framework was generated by integrating the CHEMKIN chemistry solver into the KIVA-3V code. A detailed chemical kinetics mechanism was used for n-heptane and methane as diesel and NG surrogates. Combination of detailed chemical kinetics and detailed fluid dynamics calculation enabled the model to take into account the characteristics of most pronounced knock type in dual-fuel engines, so called end-gas knock. Within the CFD computational domain, eight regions that are the representatives of the dual-fuel heat release patterns have been selected to extract local properties. Using local knock identification factors, end-gas knock was observed in abnormal combustion cases. A new Knock Intensity factor (K.I) was introduced based on local heat release rate. Using developed knock prediction method, results showed knock could be mitigated by using EGR. Moreover, effect of premixed methane equivalence ratio on knocking combustion was investigated. © 2013 SAE International.","publicationTitle":"SAE International Journal of Engines","volume":"6","issue":"2","pages":"777–787","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2013-01-0865","ISSN":"19463936 19463944","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: E7UYGPYJ
data:
  {"key":"E7UYGPYJ","version":491,"data":{"key":"E7UYGPYJ","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines-A critical review","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"B. B.","lastName":"Sahoo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N.","lastName":"Sahoo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"U. K.","lastName":"Saha"}],"abstractNote":"Petroleum resources are finite and, therefore, search for their alternative non-petroleum fuels for internal combustion engines is continuing all over the world. Moreover gases emitted by petroleum fuel driven vehicles have an adverse effect on the environment and human health. There is universal acceptance of the need to reduce such emissions. Towards this, scientists have proposed various solutions for diesel engines, one of which is the use of gaseous fuels as a supplement for liquid diesel fuel. These engines, which use conventional diesel fuel and gaseous fuel, are referred to as 'dual-fuel engines'. Natural gas and bio-derived gas appear more attractive alternative fuels for dual-fuel engines in view of their friendly environmental nature. In the gas-fumigated dual-fuel engine, the primary fuel is mixed outside the cylinder before it is inducted into the cylinder. A pilot quantity of liquid fuel is injected towards the end of the compression stroke to initiate combustion. When considering a gaseous fuel for use in existing diesel engines, a number of issues which include, the effects of engine operating and design parameters, and type of gaseous fuel, on the performance of the dual-fuel engines, are important. This paper reviews the research on above issues carried out by various scientists in different diesel engines. This paper touches upon performance, combustion and emission characteristics of dual-fuel engines which use natural gas, biogas, producer gas, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, etc. as gaseous fuel. It reveals that 'dual-fuel concept' is a promising technique for controlling both NOx and soot emissions even on existing diesel engine. But, HC, CO emissions and 'bsfc' are higher for part load gas diesel engine operations. Thermal efficiency of dual-fuel engines improve either with increased engine speed, or with advanced injection timings, or with increased amount of pilot fuel. The ignition characteristics of the gaseous fuels need more research for a long-term use in a dual-fuel engine. It is found that, the selection of engine operating and design parameters play a vital role in minimizing the performance divergences between an existing diesel engine and a 'gas diesel engine'. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"13","issue":"6-7","pages":"1151–1184","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.rser.2008.08.003","ISSN":"13640321","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1364-0321","tags":[{"tag":"Carbon dioxide"},{"tag":"Combustion"},{"tag":"Dual-fuel"},{"tag":"Efficiency"},{"tag":"Emissions"},{"tag":"Gaseous fuel"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: V5NVYBTQ
data:
  {"key":"V5NVYBTQ","version":491,"data":{"key":"V5NVYBTQ","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines-A critical review","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"B. B.","lastName":"Sahoo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"N.","lastName":"Sahoo"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"U. K.","lastName":"Saha"}],"abstractNote":"Petroleum resources are finite and, therefore, search for their alternative non-petroleum fuels for internal combustion engines is continuing all over the world. Moreover gases emitted by petroleum fuel driven vehicles have an adverse effect on the environment and human health. There is universal acceptance of the need to reduce such emissions. Towards this, scientists have proposed various solutions for diesel engines, one of which is the use of gaseous fuels as a supplement for liquid diesel fuel. These engines, which use conventional diesel fuel and gaseous fuel, are referred to as 'dual-fuel engines'. Natural gas and bio-derived gas appear more attractive alternative fuels for dual-fuel engines in view of their friendly environmental nature. In the gas-fumigated dual-fuel engine, the primary fuel is mixed outside the cylinder before it is inducted into the cylinder. A pilot quantity of liquid fuel is injected towards the end of the compression stroke to initiate combustion. When considering a gaseous fuel for use in existing diesel engines, a number of issues which include, the effects of engine operating and design parameters, and type of gaseous fuel, on the performance of the dual-fuel engines, are important. This paper reviews the research on above issues carried out by various scientists in different diesel engines. This paper touches upon performance, combustion and emission characteristics of dual-fuel engines which use natural gas, biogas, producer gas, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, etc. as gaseous fuel. It reveals that 'dual-fuel concept' is a promising technique for controlling both NOx and soot emissions even on existing diesel engine. But, HC, CO emissions and 'bsfc' are higher for part load gas diesel engine operations. Thermal efficiency of dual-fuel engines improve either with increased engine speed, or with advanced injection timings, or with increased amount of pilot fuel. The ignition characteristics of the gaseous fuels need more research for a long-term use in a dual-fuel engine. It is found that, the selection of engine operating and design parameters play a vital role in minimizing the performance divergences between an existing diesel engine and a 'gas diesel engine'. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"13","issue":"6-7","pages":"1151–1184","date":"2009","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.rser.2008.08.003","ISSN":"13640321","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 1364-0321","tags":[{"tag":"Carbon dioxide"},{"tag":"Combustion"},{"tag":"Dual-fuel"},{"tag":"Efficiency"},{"tag":"Emissions"},{"tag":"Gaseous fuel"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: BKPUKZLV
data:
  {"key":"BKPUKZLV","version":491,"data":{"key":"BKPUKZLV","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Coupling of in situ adaptive tabulation and dynamic adaptive chemistry: An effective method for solving combustion in engine simulations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Francesco","lastName":"Contino"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hervé","lastName":"Jeanmart"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tommaso","lastName":"Lucchini"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gianluca","lastName":"D'Errico"}],"abstractNote":"Using detailed mechanisms to include chemical kinetics in computational fluid dynamics simulations is required for many combustion applications, yet the resulting computational cost is often extremely prohibitive. In order to reduce the resources dedicated to this stage, we investigated the coupling of the dynamic adaptive chemistry (DAC) reduction scheme with the in situ adaptive tabulation (ISAT) algorithm. This paper describes the tabulation of dynamic adaptive chemistry (TDAC) method which takes advantage of both ISAT and DAC to reduce the impact of the mesh and the oxidation mechanism on the computational cost, particularly for unsteady applications like internal combustion engines. In the context of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), we performed simulations on simplified 2D cases using various n-heptane mechanisms and on a real case mesh using a detailed 857-species iso-octane mechanism. Compared to the direct integration of the combustion reactions, results are in very good agreements and a speed-up factor above 300 is obtained. This is significantly better than what was reported for ISAT and DAC which illustrates the synergy of the two methods. In addition, an experimental validation has also been performed with low load HCCI data. Accordingly, the TDAC method is a significant improvement for the computation of the combustion chemistry in engine simulations and allows the use of detailed mechanisms with practical case meshes in simulations that are inconceivable using direct integration. © 2010 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","publicationTitle":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","volume":"33","issue":"2","pages":"3057–3064","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.proci.2010.08.002","ISSN":"15407489","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 15407489","tags":[{"tag":"Computational fluid dynamics"},{"tag":"Dynamic adaptative chemistry"},{"tag":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition"},{"tag":"In situ adaptive tabulation"},{"tag":"Internal combustion engine"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: 9DL2U8PD
data:
  {"key":"9DL2U8PD","version":491,"data":{"key":"9DL2U8PD","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"The propagation of a laminar reaction front during end-gas auto-ignition","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jason B.","lastName":"Martz"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"George A.","lastName":"Lavoie"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hong G.","lastName":"Im"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Robert J.","lastName":"Middleton"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Aristotelis","lastName":"Babajimopoulos"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dionissios N.","lastName":"Assanis"}],"abstractNote":"A transient, one dimensional premixed laminar reaction front is used as a model problem to further understand the physical processes influencing reaction front propagation during the various stages of spark-assisted compression ignition (SACI) combustion for both constant and variable domain pressures. This approach is consistent with the wrinkled laminar flame representation of turbulent, spark ignited engine combustion. With the proper choice of timescales and pressure rise rate, it applies to the interaction of the flame with auto-igniting end-gas in a typical automotive engine. Under the conditions simulated by a transient flame code, the reaction front begins as a deflagration, propagating into an end-gas with an initially negligible level of reaction progress. The diffusive-reactive nature of the front is maintained until significant levels of end-gas reaction progress, where the burning velocity depends upon the degree of pre-reaction. At the time of the end-gas maximum chemical power, the maximum temperature gradient and peak rate of heat conduction within the front diminish to the point where combustion becomes chemically controlled. Although significant increases in burning velocity are observed at the onset of chemically controlled combustion within the front, the end-gas is within one front time from the completion of combustion. As a result, no more than one front thickness is consumed by the apparent propagation of the spontaneous ignition front. © 2012 The Combustion Institute.","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"159","issue":"6","pages":"2077–2086","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.01.011","ISSN":"00102180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.01.011","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"Auto-ignition"},{"tag":"Knock"},{"tag":"Laminar burning velocity"},{"tag":"Low temperature combustion"},{"tag":"Spark assisted compression ignition"},{"tag":"Spark ignition"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: 2RB6VIP5
data:
  {"key":"2RB6VIP5","version":491,"data":{"key":"2RB6VIP5","version":491,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Injection Strategy in Natural Gas–Diesel Dual-Fuel Premixed Charge Compression Ignition Combustion under Low Load Conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hyunwook","lastName":"Park"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Euijoon","lastName":"Shim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Choongsik","lastName":"Bae"}],"abstractNote":"Dual-fuel premixed charge compression ignition (DF-PCCI) combustion has been proven to be a viable alternative to conventional diesel combustion in heavy-duty compression ignition engines due to its low nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. When natural gas (NG) is applied to a DF-PCCI engine, its low reactivity reduces the maximum pressure rise rate under high loads. However, the NG–diesel DF-PCCI engine suffers from low combustion efficiency under low loads. In this study, an injection strategy of fuel supply (NG and diesel) in a DF-PCCI engine was investigated in order to reduce both the fuel consumption and hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions under low load conditions. A variation in the NG substitution and diesel start of energizing (SOE) was found to effectively control the formation of the fuel–air mixture. A double injection strategy of diesel was implemented to adjust the local reactivity of the mixture. Retardation of the diesel pilot SOE and a low fraction of the diesel pilot injection quantity were favorable for reducing the combustion loss. The introduction of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) improved the fuel economy and reduced the NOx and PM emissions below Euro VI regulations by retarding the combustion phasing. The combination of an NG substitution of 40%, the double injection strategy of diesel, and a moderate EGR rate effectively improved the combustion efficiency and indicated efficiency, and reduced the HC and CO emissions under low load conditions.","publicationTitle":"Engineering","volume":"5","issue":"3","pages":"548–557","date":"2019","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.005","ISSN":"20958099","shortTitle":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.005","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Chinese Academy of Engineering","tags":[{"tag":"Dual fuel"},{"tag":"Exhaust gas recirculation"},{"tag":"Injection strategy"},{"tag":"Natural gas"},{"tag":"Premixed charge compression ignition"},{"tag":"Reactivity controlled compression ignition"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:45Z"}}


key: M56X46IG
data:
  {"key":"M56X46IG","version":490,"data":{"key":"M56X46IG","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"An experimental study of injection and spray characteristics of diesel and gasoline blends on a common rail injection system","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dong","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chunhai","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yaozong","lastName":"Duan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhisong","lastName":"Tian"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhen","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"The injection and spray characteristics of diesel and gasoline blends are investigated on a common rail injection system. The injection rate, fuel spray evolution process (tip penetration distance, spray cone angle, projected spray area and relative brightness intensity contour) and microscopic droplet features are analyzed. The results show that diesel and gasoline blends have higher volumetric injection rates, earlier starts of injection and shorter injection delays, but little variances are observed in the mass injection rates for different test fuels. Increased gasoline proportion in the test blends causes slightly decreased spray tip penetration distance but increased spray cone angle. Also, more smaller-size droplets are observed in the fuel jet of the diesel and gasoline blends, indicating that the spray breakup and atomization processes are promoted.","publicationTitle":"Energy","volume":"75","issue":"","pages":"513–519","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2014.08.006","ISSN":"03605442","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.08.006","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Common rail"},{"tag":"Diesel"},{"tag":"Gasoline"},{"tag":"Injection"},{"tag":"Spray"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: GBRF4TVW
data:
  {"key":"GBRF4TVW","version":490,"data":{"key":"GBRF4TVW","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Impact of pilot diesel ignition mode on combustion and emissions characteristics of a diesel/natural gas dual fuel heavy-duty engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhongshu","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhongxiang","lastName":"Zhao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dan","lastName":"Wang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Manzhi","lastName":"Tan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yongqiang","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhongchang","lastName":"Liu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Huili","lastName":"Dou"}],"abstractNote":"The brake thermal efficiency and exhaust emission issues are still not fully-resolved to diesel/natural gas dual fuel engines. To better understand the effect of pilot diesel ignition mode on combustion and emissions characteristics of dual fuel engines, a detailed study concerned with diesel injection timing was conducted. The testing work was operated on a 6-cylinder turbocharged intercooler diesel/natural gas dual fuel heavy-duty engine at light load operations, and diesel injection timing was controlled over a very wide range. The investigated results show that the diesel injection timing (Tinj) has an obvious effect on pilot diesel ignition mode. A significant advancing Tinj leads to pilot diesel ignition mode differs from traditional diesel engine compression ignition mode in the sense that it does not occur at a specific place in the spray, which is a two-stage autoignition mode. With advancing Tinj, engine combustion and emissions characteristics, including cylinder pressure, cylinder temperature, heat release rate, start of combustion (SOC), ignition delay, combustion duration, crank angle of 50% heat release (CA50), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and total hydrocarbon (THC), show completely different variation trends in different ignition modes. Overall, higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions can be achieved simultaneously in two-stage autoignition mode. Satisfactory results can be obtained with higher brake thermal efficiency (35%), lower NOx (60ppm) and THC (0.4%) emissions, when Tinj is 42.5°CA BTDC.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"167","issue":"","pages":"248–256","date":"2016-03","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/J.FUEL.2015.11.077","ISSN":"0016-2361","shortTitle":"","url":"https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy.lib.wayne.edu/science/article/pii/S0016236115012338","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: YLNFSSW7
data:
  {"key":"YLNFSSW7","version":490,"data":{"key":"YLNFSSW7","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Prediction of autoignition in a lifted methane/air flame using an unsteady flamelet/progress variable model","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Matthias","lastName":"Ihme"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yee Chee","lastName":"See"}],"abstractNote":"An unsteady flamelet/progress variable (UFPV) model has been developed for the prediction of autoignition in turbulent lifted flames. The model is a consistent extension to the steady flamelet/progress variable (SFPV) approach, and employs an unsteady flamelet formulation to describe the transient evolution of all thermochemical quantities during the flame ignition process. In this UFPV model, all thermochemical quantities are parameterized by mixture fraction, reaction progress parameter, and stoichiometric scalar dissipation rate, eliminating the explicit dependence on a flamelet time scale. An a priori study is performed to analyze critical modeling assumptions that are associated with the population of the flamelet state space.For application to LES, the UFPV model is combined with a presumed PDF closure to account for subgrid contributions of mixture fraction and reaction progress variable. The model was applied in LES of a lifted methane/air flame. Additional calculations were performed to quantify the interaction between turbulence and chemistry a posteriori. Simulation results obtained from these calculations are compared with experimental data. Compared to the SFPV results, the unsteady flamelet/progress variable model captures the autoignition process, and good agreement with measurements is obtained for mixture fraction, temperature, and species mass fractions. From the analysis of scatter data and mixture fraction-conditional results it is shown that the turbulence/chemistry interaction delays the ignition process towards lower values of scalar dissipation rate, and a significantly larger region in the flamelet state space is occupied during the ignition process. © 2010 The Combustion Institute.","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"157","issue":"10","pages":"1850–1862","date":"2010","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.07.015","ISSN":"00102180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.07.015","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"Autoignition"},{"tag":"Large-eddy simulation"},{"tag":"Lifted flames"},{"tag":"Non-premixed combustion"},{"tag":"Turbulent combustion"},{"tag":"Unsteady flamelet modeling"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: J2ZVK4MZ
data:
  {"key":"J2ZVK4MZ","version":490,"data":{"key":"J2ZVK4MZ","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Condensation heat transfer in rectangular microscale geometries","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Srinivas","lastName":"Garimella"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Akhil","lastName":"Agarwal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Brian M","lastName":"Fronk"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"100","issue":"","pages":"98–110","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.03.086","ISSN":"0017-9310","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.03.086","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: NN8KIQ4C
data:
  {"key":"NN8KIQ4C","version":490,"data":{"key":"NN8KIQ4C","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Laminar flame speeds of stratified methane , propane , and n -heptane flames","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xian","lastName":"Shi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jyh-yuan","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yulin","lastName":"Chen"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"176","issue":"","pages":"38–47","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.10.018","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.10.018","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Chemical effe"},{"tag":"Laminar flame speed"},{"tag":"Stratified flame"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: GC47DPZR
data:
  {"key":"GC47DPZR","version":490,"data":{"key":"GC47DPZR","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of fuel injection pressure and injection timing on spray characteristics and particulate size-number distribution in a biodiesel fuelled common rail direct injection diesel engine","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Avinash Kumar","lastName":"Agarwal"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Atul","lastName":"Dhar"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jai Gopal","lastName":"Gupta"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Woong Il","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Chang Sik","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sungwook","lastName":"Park"}],"abstractNote":"In this paper, effect of varying fuel injection pressures and injection timings on particulate size number distribution and spray characteristics was investigated in a single cylinder, common rail direct injection (CRDI) compression ignition (CI) engine fueled with Karanja biodiesel blends vis-à-vis baseline mineral diesel. The investigation results of spray tip penetration and spray area of biodiesel blends and diesel showed that higher fuel injection pressure result in a longer spray tip penetration and larger spray area than that at lower injection pressures at same elapsed time after the start of injection (SOI). In order to compare the effect of fuel injection parameters, 10, 20 and 50% Karanja biodiesel blends at 1500. rpm engine speed were compared with baseline data from mineral diesel. It was observed that average particulate size increased with retarding the SOI timings. Particulate number concentration was lowest for 10% biodiesel blend, which increased with further increase in biodiesel content in the blended test fuel. Addition of even very small quantity of biodiesel in the test fuel helped in reducing particulate emissions. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.","publicationTitle":"Applied Energy","volume":"130","issue":"","pages":"212–221","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.05.041","ISSN":"03062619","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.05.041","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0306-2619\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Fuel injection pressure"},{"tag":"Fuel injection timing"},{"tag":"Karanja biodiesel"},{"tag":"Particulate"},{"tag":"Size number distribution"},{"tag":"Spray characteristics"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: 8AIK9SBL
data:
  {"key":"8AIK9SBL","version":490,"data":{"key":"8AIK9SBL","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Interactions of Multi-hole DI Sprays with Charge Motion and their Implications to Flexible Valve-trained Engine Performance","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Atsushi","lastName":"Matsumoto"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yi","lastName":"Zheng"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xingbin","lastName":"Xie"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ming Chia","lastName":"Lai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wayne","lastName":"Moore"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE Technical Paper","volume":"","issue":"2011-01-1883","pages":"","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2011-01-1883","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: NAS2UJYS
data:
  {"key":"NAS2UJYS","version":490,"data":{"key":"NAS2UJYS","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Effect of Gas Compression on Flame Acceleration in Obstructed Cylindrical Tubes","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"V","lastName":"Akkerman"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Damir","lastName":"Valiev"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"deflagration-to-detonation transition"},{"tag":"flame acceleration"},{"tag":"gas compression"},{"tag":"obstructed tubes"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: FGPDSHNC
data:
  {"key":"FGPDSHNC","version":490,"data":{"key":"FGPDSHNC","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Stability of rich laminar hydrogen-air flames in a model with detailed transport and kinetic mechanisms","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A I","lastName":"Korsakova"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"V V","lastName":"Gubernov"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A V","lastName":"Kolobov"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"V","lastName":"Bykov"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"U","lastName":"Maas"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"163","issue":"","pages":"478–486","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.10.024","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Diffusive-thermal instabilities"},{"tag":"Fl"},{"tag":"Premixed flames"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:44Z"}}


key: ESCMPFIQ
data:
  {"key":"ESCMPFIQ","version":490,"data":{"key":"ESCMPFIQ","version":490,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Transient characteristics of diesel sprays from a deposit rich injector","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Radboud","lastName":"Pos"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Roger","lastName":"Cracknell"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Lionel","lastName":"Ganippa"}],"abstractNote":"The transients of the early stage evolution of high pressure diesel sprays from a clean and a deposit rich injector were explored using high speed imaging at 24.4 kiloframes per second (kfps). Fuel was injected into a liquid that offered high density ambient conditions and, for comparison, fuel was also injected into air at less dense ambient conditions. By comparison of the evolving fuel spray from a new fuel injector to those of an injector rich in carbonaceous deposits at/in the nozzle, anomalous spray behaviour resulting from the presence of deposits becomes apparent. The fuel spray cone angle from a deposit rich injector increased by 10-140% compared to the fuel spray cone angle from a new injector. The accompanying spread in the measured angle was from 100% to 200% greater for the deposit rich case. The presence of deposits significantly affected the early stages of spray evolution, the reproducibility of the spray shape from a deposit rich injector being very low. The observed occurrence of transient radial bulging has the potential to reduce the axial momentum and reduce the combustion performance in diesel engines.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"153","issue":"","pages":"183–191","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.114","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.114","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel sprays"},{"tag":"Fouled injector"},{"tag":"Fuel spray evolution"},{"tag":"High speed imaging"},{"tag":"Injection in liquid"},{"tag":"Transients"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: CRTMRZK4
data:
  {"key":"CRTMRZK4","version":489,"data":{"key":"CRTMRZK4","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"On the sensitivity of low temperature combustion to spark assist near flame limit conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Laura K Manofsky","lastName":"Olesky"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Robert J.","lastName":"Middleton"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"George A.","lastName":"Lavoie"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Margaret S.","lastName":"Wooldridge"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jason B.","lastName":"Martz"}],"abstractNote":"Spark assisted compression ignition (SACI) is a practical mode for controlling the heat release rate of low temperature combustion (LTC). While flames are key phenomena in the SACI combustion process, they may not always be effective or viable under the mildly stratified and highly dilute low burned gas temperature conditions of LTC. To better understand the limits of flammability or flame effectiveness, this work explores combustion within a single cylinder direct injection engine near the high load limit of the HCCI combustion regime, where spark induced flame propagation has been seen to affect combustion phasing and heat release rate. Flame limiting conditions were identified using progressively more advanced spark timing, up to 120 before top dead center, for differing levels of air and EGR dilution while holding the chemical energy content of the charge constant. Under air dilute conditions, the measured combustion phasing advanced from 8 to 0 after top dead center with spark advance, while almost no effect was seen under EGR dilute conditions. Estimates of the experimental global and local state conditions were made at the time of spark using heat release analysis and a KIVA-3V engine model, respectively, and the flammability for each case was evaluated using the Karlovitz criterion. The results show that fuel rich stratification near the spark plug was likely responsible for the observed variations in the SACI flame behavior.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"158","issue":"","pages":"11–22","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.05.012","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.05.012","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0016-2361\nPublisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Flame quenching"},{"tag":"Flammability"},{"tag":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)"},{"tag":"Low temperature combustion (LTC)"},{"tag":"Spark assisted compression ignition (SACI)"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: GALZI2P4
data:
  {"key":"GALZI2P4","version":489,"data":{"key":"GALZI2P4","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"The effects of CO addition on the autoignition of H 2 , CH 4 and CH 4 / H 2 fuels at high pressure in an RCM","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sander","lastName":"Gersen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Harry","lastName":"Darmeveil"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Howard","lastName":"Levinsky"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"159","issue":"12","pages":"3472–3475","date":"2012","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.06.021","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.06.021","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: The Combustion Institute.","tags":[{"tag":"autoignition delay times"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: NNZ5L8VF
data:
  {"key":"NNZ5L8VF","version":489,"data":{"key":"NNZ5L8VF","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Macroscopic and microscopic spray characteristics of fatty acid esters on a common rail injection system","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dong","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jiaqi","lastName":"Zhai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yaozong","lastName":"Duan"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dehao","lastName":"Ju"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"He","lastName":"Lin"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zhen","lastName":"Huang"}],"abstractNote":"The composition of biodiesel is significantly influenced by the feedstock sources. This variation in biodiesel composition may cause changes in fuel physiochemical properties and further affect the engine operation processes such as the fuel injection and spray processes. In this study, the macroscopic and microscopic spray parameters of diesel fuel and three biodiesel components (methyl laurate, methyl oleate and ethyl oleate) on a diesel common rail injection system are investigated at conditions of different injection pressures and ambient pressures. The macroscopic spray parameters, including the tip penetration distance, projected spray area, spray front velocity, spray cone angle, and the maximum spray width, of different fatty acid esters are characterized and compared to those of diesel fuel. Further, the images of fuel spray development obtained by the high speed camera are converted to grayscale ones, and the grayscale values within the spray contours are extracted to evaluate the light intensity level and distribution characteristics for different fuels. Finally, the microscopic spray characteristics of test fuels measured using a split laser particle size analyzer indicated that fuel properties also play an important role in the droplet sizes, and the droplets of methyl laurate and diesel have smaller SMD than methyl oleate and ethyl oleate.","publicationTitle":"Fuel","volume":"203","issue":"","pages":"370–379","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2017.04.098","ISSN":"00162361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.04.098","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[{"tag":"Biodiesel"},{"tag":"Common rail injection system"},{"tag":"Droplet"},{"tag":"Fatty acid esters"},{"tag":"Spray"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: ZHC54PZ2
data:
  {"key":"ZHC54PZ2","version":489,"data":{"key":"ZHC54PZ2","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Flame Kernel Development and its Effects on Engine Performance with Various Spark Plug Electrode Configurations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Y G","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"J T","lastName":"Boehler"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"SAE Technical","volume":"2005","issue":"724","pages":"","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2005-01-1133","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: UJFI2MTT
data:
  {"key":"UJFI2MTT","version":489,"data":{"key":"UJFI2MTT","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Analytical study on near-field entrainment in a transient turbulent free jet","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gas Turbine","lastName":"Engines"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"U S National Combustion","lastName":"Meeting"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"West","lastName":"Lafayette"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"ali tarraf 1"},{"tag":"asymptotic analysis"},{"tag":"e"},{"tag":"feyz 1"},{"tag":"gore 2"},{"tag":"hot jet ignition"},{"tag":"j"},{"tag":"m"},{"tag":"mass entrainment"},{"tag":"p"},{"tag":"razi nalim 1"},{"tag":"transient jet"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: RF96XGWW
data:
  {"key":"RF96XGWW","version":489,"data":{"key":"RF96XGWW","version":489,"itemType":"book","title":"Electric Vehicle Technology Explained Electric Vehicle Technology Explained","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"James","lastName":"Larminie"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"John","lastName":"Lowry"}],"abstractNote":"","series":"","seriesNumber":"","volume":"","numberOfVolumes":"","edition":"","place":"","publisher":"","date":"2012","numPages":"328","language":"","ISBN":"978-1-119-94273-3","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISSN: 10685731\nDOI: 10.1002/0470090707\nPMID: 13321105","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: 7QWISCWN
data:
  {"key":"7QWISCWN","version":489,"data":{"key":"7QWISCWN","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Thermal Pyrolysis of n-Dodecane in the Presence of Vitiates","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Khanh","lastName":"Dang"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gregory","lastName":"Simms"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Harsha","lastName":"Chelliah"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–6","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"fuel surrogate"},{"tag":"thermal pyrolysis"},{"tag":"turbulent flame interactions"},{"tag":"vitiation"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: 88F7YCJS
data:
  {"key":"88F7YCJS","version":489,"data":{"key":"88F7YCJS","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A unified model for the prediction of laminar flame transfer functions : comparisons between conical and V-flame dynamics","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Schuller"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"D","lastName":"Durox"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S","lastName":"Candel"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"134","issue":"","pages":"21–34","date":"2003","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/S0010-2180(03)00042-7","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"acoustic-flame interaction"},{"tag":"combustion instabilities"},{"tag":"conical flame"},{"tag":"g-equation"},{"tag":"transfer function"},{"tag":"v-flame"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: 7WVJHXDA
data:
  {"key":"7WVJHXDA","version":489,"data":{"key":"7WVJHXDA","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"• • Dissertation Information Service","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Information","lastName":"Service"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"1–4","date":"1990","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: B6J856KC
data:
  {"key":"B6J856KC","version":489,"data":{"key":"B6J856KC","version":489,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical investigation of the spray-mesh-turbulence interactions for high-pressure, evaporating sprays at engine conditions","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tommaso","lastName":"Lucchini"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gianluca","lastName":"D'Errico"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Daniele","lastName":"Ettorre"}],"abstractNote":"This work presents a numerical methodology to simulate evaporating, high pressure Diesel sprays using the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Specific sub-models were developed to describe the liquid spray injection and breakup, and the influence of the liquid jet on the turbulence viscosity in the vicinity of the nozzle. To reduce the computational time and easily solve the problem of the grid dependency, the possibility to dynamically refine the grid where the fuel-air mixing process takes place was also included. The validity of the proposed approach was firstly verified simulating an evaporating spray in a constant-volume vessel at non-reacting conditions. The availability of a large quantity of experimental data allowed us to investigate in detail the effects of grid size, ambient diffusivity and used spray sub-models. In this way, different guidelines were derived for a successful simulation of the fuel-air mixture formation process. Finally, fuel injection and evaporation were simulated in an optical engine geometry and computed mixture fraction distributions were compared with experimental data. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.","publicationTitle":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"32","issue":"1","pages":"285–297","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2010.07.006","ISSN":"0142727X","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2010.07.006","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0142-727X\nPublisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Adaptive mesh refinement"},{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Eulerian-Lagrangian methodology"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:43Z"}}


key: U2XM6FVD
data:
  {"key":"U2XM6FVD","version":488,"data":{"key":"U2XM6FVD","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Laminar burning speed measurement and flame instability study of H 2 / CO / air mixtures at high temperatures and pressures using a novel multi-shell model","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Omid","lastName":"Askari"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Ali","lastName":"Moghaddas"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Alden","lastName":"Alholm"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kevin","lastName":"Vien"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Bander","lastName":"Alhazmi"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"168","issue":"","pages":"20–31","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.018","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Flame instability"},{"tag":"Laminar burning speed"},{"tag":"Sch"},{"tag":"Syngas"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: 9XY8JBI2
data:
  {"key":"9XY8JBI2","version":488,"data":{"key":"9XY8JBI2","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Experimental and Numerical Characterization of Gasoline-Ethanol Blends from a GDI Multi-Hole Injector by Means of Multi-Component Approach","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Simone","lastName":"Malaguti"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Giuseppe","lastName":"Bagli"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Alessandro","lastName":"Montanaro"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Stefano","lastName":"Piccinini"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Luigi","lastName":"Allocca"}],"abstractNote":"This paper reports an experimental and numerical investigation of the spray structure development for pure gasoline fuel and two different ethanol-gasoline blends (10% and 85% ethanol). A numerical methodology has been developed to improve the prediction of the pure and blends fuel spray. The fuel sprays have been simulated by means of a 3D-CFD code, adopting a multi-component approach for the fuel simulations. The vaporization behavior of the real fuel has been improved testing blends of 7 hydrocarbons and a reduced multi- component model has been defined in order to reduce the computational cost of the CFD simulations. Particular care has been also dedicated to the modeling of the atomization and secondary breakup processes occurring to the GDI sprays. The multi-hole jets have been simulated by means of a new atomization approach combined with the Kelvin- Helmholtz/Rayleigh-Taylor hybrid model. At the nozzle hole exit an initial distribution of atomized droplets has been predicted by the numerical approach taking into account cavitation phenomena and turbulent effects. Sprays have been investigated using a 6-hole gasoline direct- injection (GDI) injector and injecting fuel into an optically- accessible constant volume vessel at 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 MPa of injection pressure, at ambient back pressure. Mie- scattering images have been performed using a high-speed camera and a pulsed-wave flash system which is able to track liquid phase in order to estimate the spray development, morphology and cone angle. Moreover fuel injection rates measurements have been carried out using a meter working on the Bosch tube principle to characterize the injected mass. The liquid fuel penetration registered highest values for gasoline fuel with respect to its blends with ethanol at different percentages.","publicationTitle":"SAE International","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"13","date":"2013","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2013-24-0002","ISSN":"","shortTitle":"","url":"http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2013-24-0002","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: S392AJSB
data:
  {"key":"S392AJSB","version":488,"data":{"key":"S392AJSB","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A matrix-form GSM-CFD solver for incompressible fluids and its application to hemodynamics","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jianyao","lastName":"Yao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"G. R.","lastName":"Liu"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Computational Mechanics","volume":"54","issue":"4","pages":"999–1012","date":"2014","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1007/s00466-014-0990-8","ISSN":"01787675","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Carotid bifurcation"},{"tag":"Gradient smoothing"},{"tag":"Incompressible GSM???CFD"},{"tag":"Matrix-form"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: 45FK9NA5
data:
  {"key":"45FK9NA5","version":488,"data":{"key":"45FK9NA5","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A review of spray ignition phenomena: Present status and future research","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"S.K.","lastName":"Aggarwal"}],"abstractNote":"Theoretical and experimental studies dealing with the spray ignition phenomena are reviewed. Two major topics covered are external-source ignition of liquid fuel sprays and spontaneous spray ignition. Experimental and theoretical investigations of external-source ignition of sprays employing different configurations are discussed first. Three major topics included here are: (i) ignition of quiescent and flowing fuel sprays; (ii) ignition of monodisperse and polydisperse sprays; and (iii) ignition of single-component and multicomponent fuel sprays. Then, experimental studies of autoignition of sprays employing constant-volume enclosures, injection in a uniform air flow, and shock tube techniques, are discussed. Theoretical investigations dealing with spray autoignition phenomena range from phenomenological models to one-dimensional numerical models using global one-step as well as detailed multistep chemistry, and to multidimensional simulations with reduced mechanisms. These models are also discussed in the review. Finally, some advanced topics which are common to both external-source ignition and spontaneous ignition are identified and discussed. An attempt is made to provide a common link between the three dominant ignition modes in sprays, namely individual droplet ignition, droplet cluster ignition, and spray ignition. In a similar manner, common features of external-source ignition and spontaneous ignition of sprays are identified. A general spray ignition model along with important numerical and physical issues are presented. The effect of pressure on spray ignition processes is also discussed. Potential topics for further research are suggested.","publicationTitle":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"24","issue":"95","pages":"565–600","date":"1998","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/S0360-1285(98)00016-1","ISSN":"03601285","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 0360-1285","tags":[{"tag":"autoignition"},{"tag":"droplet ignition"},{"tag":"spray ignition"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: H7785SBW
data:
  {"key":"H7785SBW","version":488,"data":{"key":"H7785SBW","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Laminar flame speeds of H 2 / CO with CO 2 dilution at normal and elevated pressures and temperatures","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Minchao","lastName":"Han"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Yuhua","lastName":"Ai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Zheng","lastName":"Chen"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wenjun","lastName":"Kong"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"FUEL","volume":"148","issue":"","pages":"32–38","date":"2015","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.083","ISSN":"0016-2361","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.083","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Ltd","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: K4HR3ZXC
data:
  {"key":"K4HR3ZXC","version":488,"data":{"key":"K4HR3ZXC","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Curve matching , a generalized framework for models / experiments comparison : An application to n- heptane combustion kinetic mechanisms","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M S","lastName":"Bernardi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"M","lastName":"Pelucchi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A","lastName":"Stagni"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"L M","lastName":"Sangalli"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A","lastName":"Cuoci"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"A","lastName":"Frassoldati"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"P","lastName":"Secchi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"T","lastName":"Faravelli"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"168","issue":"","pages":"186–203","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.019","ISSN":"0010-2180","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.019","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","tags":[{"tag":"Kinetics"},{"tag":"Mechanism assessmen"},{"tag":"Mechanism development"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: 7T37RHW6
data:
  {"key":"7T37RHW6","version":488,"data":{"key":"7T37RHW6","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Turbulent combustion modeling","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Denis","lastName":"Veynante"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Luc","lastName":"Vervisch"}],"abstractNote":"Numerical simulation of flames is a growing field bringing important improvements to our understanding of combustion. The main issues and related closures of turbulent combustion modeling are reviewed. Combustion problems involve strong coupling between chemistry, transport and fluid dynamics. The basic properties of laminar flames are first presented along with the major tools developed for modeling turbulent combustion. The links between the available closures are illuminated from a generic description of modeling tools. Then, examples of numerical models for mean burning rates are discussed for premixed turbulent combustion. The use of direct numerical simulation (DNS) as a research instrument is illustrated for turbulent transport occurring in premixed combustion, gradient and counter-gradient modeling of turbulent fluxes is addressed. Finally, a review of the models for non-premixed turbulent flames is given.","publicationTitle":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"28","issue":"3","pages":"193–266","date":"2002-03","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/S0360-1285(01)00017-X","ISSN":"0360-1285","shortTitle":"","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036012850100017X?via{\\%}3Dihub","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Pergamon","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: CZDY3KQH
data:
  {"key":"CZDY3KQH","version":488,"data":{"key":"CZDY3KQH","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Development and Validation of a Reduced Reaction Mechanism for Biodiesel-Fueled Engine Simulations","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Amar","lastName":"Patel"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Song-Charng","lastName":"Kong"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Rolf D.","lastName":"Reitz"}],"abstractNote":"In the present study a reduced chemical reaction mechanism for biodiesel surrogate fuel was developed and validated for multi-dimensional engine combustion simulations. An existing detailed methyl butanoate mechanism that contained 264 species and 1219 reactions was chosen to represent the oxygenated portion of the fuel. The reduction process included flux analysis, ignition sensitivity analysis, and optimization of reaction rate constants under constant volume conditions. The current reduced mechanism consists of 41 species and 150 reactions and gives predictions in excellent agreement with those of the comprehensive mechanism.In order to validate the mechanism under biodiesel-fueled engine conditions, it was combined with another skeletal mechanism for n-heptane oxidation. This combined reaction mechanism can be used to adjust the energy content of the fuel, and account for diesel/biodiesel blend engine simulations. The combined mechanism, ERC-bio, contains 53 species and 156 reactions. Biodiesel-fueled engine operation was successfully simulated using the ERC-bio mechanism.","publicationTitle":"SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.","volume":"1","issue":"1","pages":"675–702","date":"2004","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.4271/2008-01-1378","ISSN":"19463952","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-1378","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 2008-01-1378","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:42Z"}}


key: RLSC7NNK
data:
  {"key":"RLSC7NNK","version":488,"data":{"key":"RLSC7NNK","version":488,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A modification to the WAVE breakup model for evaporating diesel spray","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Haobu","lastName":"Gao"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xiangrong","lastName":"Li"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Jiye","lastName":"Xue"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Honglin","lastName":"Bai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Xu","lastName":"He"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Fushui","lastName":"Liu"}],"abstractNote":"In order to improve the accuracy of the WAVE breakup model for an evaporating spray, it was calibrated using a series of diesel spray experiments with different orifice diameters, injection pressures, background gas densities and temperatures. The calibration focused on liquid length and spray (vapor) penetration. Based on the calibration results, it is concluded that the standard WAVE model with a constant C2, which is an adjustment parameter for breakup time, accurately predicts liquid length and spray penetration with a variety of orifice diameters, injection pressures and background gas densities. However, the same cannot be said for background temperature. Background temperature strongly affects the C2 value. Particularly, the C2 decreases with an increase in background temperature. Interestingly, the relationship between the C2 value and the background temperature seems to be of approximate inverse proportion. Therefore, due to this relationship between the C2 value and background temperature, and in order to obtain greater simulation accuracy, the proposed WAVE model with a variable C2 was developed and used to simulate a single-cylinder diesel engine. It was found that there is a significant decrease in liquid length alongside the development of the in-cylinder spray and combustion process. This is reasonable because liquid droplets break-up and evaporate faster in a higher temperature environment. Moreover, the result is in accordance with images from optical diesel engine experiments captured and performed by others.","publicationTitle":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"108","issue":"","pages":"555–566","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.152","ISSN":"13594311","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"Diesel spray"},{"tag":"Evaporation"},{"tag":"Numerical simulation"},{"tag":"Variable C2 modification method"},{"tag":"WAVE breakup model"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z"}}


key: KFCYPRV3
data:
  {"key":"KFCYPRV3","version":487,"data":{"key":"KFCYPRV3","version":487,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A review on natural gas/diesel dual fuel combustion, emissions and performance","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Lijiang","lastName":"Wei"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Peng","lastName":"Geng"}],"abstractNote":"With the increasing concern regarding diesel engine emissions, including nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM), and the rising of energy demand as well, the utilization of alternative fuels in diesel engine has been found to be an attractive solution. Natural gas is a very promising and highly attractive fuel because of its domestic availability, widespread distribution infrastructure, low cost, and clean-burning qualities to be used as a transportation fuel. Natural gas/diesel dual fuel is an operation mode in which natural gas is introduced into the intake air upstream of the manifold and then ignited by the direct injected diesel in the cylinder. The aim of this paper is to identify the potential use of natural gas/diesel dual fuel on diesel engine. In this literature review, the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of natural gas/diesel dual fuel combustion-mode published mainly in scientific journals have been collected and critically analyzed. A wide range of natural gas mass ratio which represents the mass fraction of natural gas in the total fuel and different types of engines were involved. It has been found that dual fuel mode has a lower compression pressure and a longer ignition delay compared with normal diesel mode. The application of dual fuel mode significantly decreases the NOX, carbon dioxide (CO2) and PM emissions. However, the hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions may increase by several times or even more than 100 times in comparison to normal diesel combustion. And there appears a trade-off relationship between NOX and HC emissions with dual fuel mode. The engine power is decreased up to 2.1% at dual fuel mode, but the power loss can be reduced or recovered by changing some of the operating parameters. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of dual fuel mode is lower at low and intermediate loads, while under high engine load conditions it is similar or a little higher when compared with normal diesel mode, and the maximum increase is about 3%. The COVIMEP seems to be generally higher than normal diesel mode and it decreases with the increasing engine load.","publicationTitle":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"142","issue":"","pages":"264–278","date":"2016","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.09.018","ISSN":"03783820","shortTitle":"","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.09.018","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"Publisher: Elsevier B.V.","tags":[{"tag":"Combustion"},{"tag":"Diesel engine"},{"tag":"Dual fuel"},{"tag":"Emission"},{"tag":"Natural gas"},{"tag":"Performance"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z"}}


key: NNKJ859X
data:
  {"key":"NNKJ859X","version":487,"data":{"key":"NNKJ859X","version":487,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Microstructural analyses of B 4 C – CeO 2 and B 4 C – La 2 O 3 ceramics","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tatsuaki","lastName":"Sakamoto"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Shu-chen","lastName":"Sun"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Tomoya","lastName":"Furuno"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Michio","lastName":"Kajioka"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kiyomichi","lastName":"Nakai"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Hiroaki","lastName":"Kurishita"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sengo","lastName":"Kobayashi"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Wen-yuan","lastName":"Wu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gan-feng","lastName":"Tu"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Seiji","lastName":"Matsuda"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"","volume":"","issue":"","pages":"4–7","date":"2011","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.01.072","ISSN":"00223115","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"","tags":[{"tag":"boron"},{"tag":"boron carbide"},{"tag":"ignition"},{"tag":"ramjet"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z"}}


key: YXNAZNZG
data:
  {"key":"YXNAZNZG","version":487,"data":{"key":"YXNAZNZG","version":487,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"Numerical analysis of the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engines with multiple injection strategies using a modified 2-D flamelet model","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Gyujin","lastName":"Kim"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Sunyoung","lastName":"Moon"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Seungha","lastName":"Lee"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Kyoungdoug","lastName":"Min"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Energies","volume":"10","issue":"9","pages":"","date":"2017","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.3390/en10091292","ISSN":"19961073","shortTitle":"","url":"","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 8228801661","tags":[{"tag":"CFD"},{"tag":"Collapse method"},{"tag":"Modified 2-D flamelet model"},{"tag":"Multiple injection"},{"tag":"NOxemissions"}],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z"}}


key: UJZRINQ5
data:
  {"key":"UJZRINQ5","version":487,"data":{"key":"UJZRINQ5","version":487,"itemType":"journalArticle","title":"A Semi-Analytical Model for Evaporating Fuel Droplets","creators":[{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Achintya","lastName":"Mukhopadhyay"},{"creatorType":"author","firstName":"Dipankar","lastName":"Sanyal"}],"abstractNote":"","publicationTitle":"Journal of Heat Transfer","volume":"127","issue":"February 2005","pages":"199","date":"2005","series":"","seriesTitle":"","seriesText":"","journalAbbreviation":"","language":"","DOI":"10.1115/1.1842791","ISSN":"00221481","shortTitle":"","url":"http://heattransfer.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1447666","accessDate":"","archive":"","archiveLocation":"","libraryCatalog":"","callNumber":"","rights":"","extra":"ISBN: 9133241465","tags":[],"collections":["KPPT2T45"],"relations":{},"dateAdded":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z","dateModified":"2021-09-21T03:41:41Z"}}


